Shin Lisa M, Rauch Scott L, Pitman Roger K
Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:67-79. doi: 10.1196/annals.1364.007.
The last decade of neuroimaging research has yielded important information concerning the structure, neurochemistry, and function of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroimaging research reviewed in this article reveals heightened amygdala responsivity in PTSD during symptomatic states and during the processing of trauma-unrelated affective information. Importantly, amygdala responsivity is positively associated with symptom severity in PTSD. In contrast, medial prefrontal cortex appears to be volumetrically smaller and is hyporesponsive during symptomatic states and the performance of emotional cognitive tasks in PTSD. Medial prefrontal cortex responsivity is inversely associated with PTSD symptom severity. Lastly, the reviewed research suggests diminished volumes, neuronal integrity, and functional integrity of the hippocampus in PTSD. Remaining research questions and related future directions are presented.
过去十年的神经影像学研究已经产生了关于创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）中杏仁核、内侧前额叶皮质和海马体的结构、神经化学及功能的重要信息。本文所综述的神经影像学研究显示，在PTSD的症状期以及处理与创伤无关的情感信息时，杏仁核反应性增强。重要的是，杏仁核反应性与PTSD的症状严重程度呈正相关。相比之下，内侧前额叶皮质在PTSD的症状期以及情感认知任务执行过程中，体积似乎较小且反应迟钝。内侧前额叶皮质反应性与PTSD症状严重程度呈负相关。最后，所综述的研究表明PTSD中海马体的体积、神经元完整性和功能完整性有所降低。文中还提出了有待进一步研究的问题及相关未来研究方向。
