Shimamura Arthur P, Ross Jennifer G, Bennett Heather D
University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Apr;13(2):217-22. doi: 10.3758/bf03193833.
Faces with expressions (happy, surprise, anger, fear) were presented at study. Memory for facial expressions was tested by presenting the same faces with neutral expressions and asking participants to determine the expression that had been displayed at study. In three experiments, happy expressions were remembered better than other expressions. The advantage of a happy face was observed even when faces were inverted (upside down) and even when the salient perceptual feature (broad grin) was controlled across conditions. These findings are couched in terms of source monitoring, in which memory for facial expressions reflects encoding of the dispositional context of a prior event.
在研究中呈现了带有表情（高兴、惊讶、愤怒、恐惧）的面孔。通过呈现表情变为中性的相同面孔并要求参与者确定在研究中所展示的表情，来测试对面部表情的记忆。在三个实验中，高兴表情比其他表情被记得更牢。即便面孔是倒置的（上下颠倒），甚至当显著的感知特征（咧嘴大笑）在各条件下得到控制时，高兴面孔的这种优势依然被观察到。这些发现是依据源监测来阐述的，其中对面部表情的记忆反映了对先前事件的性情背景的编码。
