Lloyd-Jones Toby J, Brown Charity, Clarke Simon
Department of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NP, England.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Apr;13(2):269-74. doi: 10.3758/bf03193842.
We examined effects of verbal interference on a perceptual discrimination task. Participants were presented with a series of faces, described (or did not describe) an additional face, and then made face/ nonface decisions to both the original faces and new faces, intermingled with nonfaces. This enabled us to examine the effect of making a verbal description, relative to an unrelated filler task in a control condition, on the perceptual discrimination of faces seen for the first time and faces encountered previously, and also on repetition priming (i.e., the facilitative effect of an encounter with a stimulus on subsequent processing of the same stimulus). Verbalization interfered with performance on both new and studied faces, but it did not interfere with priming. We argue that verbalization encouraged a relatively long-lasting shift (over a number of trials) toward greater visual processing of individual facial features at the expense of more global visual processing, which is generally beneficial for the recognition of faces and important for discriminating faces from nonfaces in the face decision task.
我们研究了言语干扰对知觉辨别任务的影响。向参与者呈现一系列面孔，描述（或不描述）另一张面孔，然后对原始面孔和新面孔以及夹杂其中的非面孔做出面孔/非面孔判断。这使我们能够研究与对照条件下的无关填充任务相比，进行言语描述对首次看到的面孔和先前遇到的面孔的知觉辨别以及重复启动（即遇到刺激对同一刺激后续加工的促进作用）的影响。言语表达干扰了对新面孔和已研究面孔的表现，但没有干扰启动。我们认为，言语表达促使（在多次试验中）朝着以较少的整体视觉加工为代价，对个体面部特征进行更多视觉加工的方向发生相对持久的转变，这通常有利于面孔识别，并且对于在面孔判断任务中区分面孔和非面孔很重要。
