Brown Judith, Gilmour W Harper, Macdonald Ewan B
Healthy Working Lives Research Group, Public Health and Health Policy Section, Division of Community Based Sciences, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 2006 Oct;56(7):480-4. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kql075. Epub 2006 Aug 7.
Most major public and private sector pension schemes have provision for ill-health retirement (IHR) for those who become too ill to continue to work before their normal retirement age.
To compare the causes, process and outcomes of IHR in teachers and National Health Service (NHS) staff in Scotland.
A total of 537 teachers and 863 NHS staff who retired due to ill-health between April 1998 and March 2000 were mailed an IHR questionnaire by the Scottish Public Pensions Agency.
The response rate for teachers was 53% and for NHS staff 49%. The most common cause of IHR was musculoskeletal disorders for NHS staff and mental disorders for teachers. Teachers retired at a younger average age than NHS staff. Ninety-two per cent of NHS staff but only 11% of teachers attended occupational health services (OHS) prior to IHR. Eighteen per cent of NHS staff and 9% of teachers were offered part-time work by their current employer in response to their ill-health. Fifteen per cent of NHS staff and 5% of teachers were offered alternative work prior to retirement. Seventeen per cent of NHS staff and 36% of teachers subsequently found employment. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed the following variables as independent predictors of subsequent employment: occupational group, age group, sex, managerial responsibility and cause of IHR.
Return to work after IHR suggests that some IHR could be avoided. Teachers had a higher rate of return to work and much less access to OHS.
大多数主要的公共和私营部门养老金计划都为那些在正常退休年龄之前因病无法继续工作的人提供了病退（IHR）规定。
比较苏格兰教师和国民保健服务（NHS）工作人员病退的原因、过程及结果。
苏格兰公共养老金机构向1998年4月至2000年3月期间因病退休的537名教师和863名NHS工作人员邮寄了病退调查问卷。
教师的回复率为53%，NHS工作人员的回复率为49%。NHS工作人员病退最常见的原因是肌肉骨骼疾病，而教师是精神疾病。教师的平均退休年龄比NHS工作人员小。92%的NHS工作人员在病退前接受过职业健康服务（OHS），而只有11%的教师接受过。18%的NHS工作人员和9%的教师因健康问题被现任雇主提供了兼职工作。15%的NHS工作人员和5%的教师在退休前被提供了其他工作。17%的NHS工作人员和36%的教师随后找到了工作。多元逻辑回归分析显示，以下变量是随后就业的独立预测因素：职业群体、年龄组、性别、管理职责和病退原因。
病退后重返工作岗位表明部分病退情况是可以避免的。教师的重返工作岗位率更高，但获得职业健康服务的机会少得多。
