Brown Judith, Gilmour W Harper, Macdonald Ewan B
Healthy Working Lives Research Group, Public Health & Health Policy Section, Division of Community Based Sciences, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, G12 8RZ, Glasgow, UK.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 May;79(5):433-40. doi: 10.1007/s00420-005-0060-9. Epub 2005 Nov 25.
To assess the process, causes and outcomes of ill health retirement (IHR) in teachers in Scotland. Perceptions and experience of occupational health services (OHS), access to rehabilitation and redeployment, current health, post retirement experience and predictors of re-employment were identified.
537 teachers who retired due to ill health between April 1998 and March 2000 were mailed our IHR questionnaire by the Scottish Public Pensions Agency.
The most common cause of IHR was mental disorders (37%), followed by diseases of the musculoskeletal system (18%). 11% of teachers attended an OHS prior to IHR. 9% of teachers were offered part-time work and 5% were offered alternative work. 63% of retired teachers stated their health had improved and 48% said they would like to work again. 36% of the surveyed teachers have found re-employment since their retirement. On unadjusted analyses, re-employment of teachers after IHR was significantly associated with sex, having dependants, job group, cause of IHR, health having improved and wanting to work again. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed three variables as independent predictors of re-employment: having dependants, job group and cause of IHR.
This is the first comprehensive study investigating teachers' experiences of IHR in Scotland. The findings highlight substantial lack of support for teachers in a number of areas which need to be addressed by managers and employers. Our study confirms the need for rehabilitation and teacher support services in order to try and retain experienced teachers in the profession.
评估苏格兰教师因病提前退休（IHR）的过程、原因及后果。明确职业健康服务（OHS）的认知与体验、康复及重新调配的机会、当前健康状况、退休后的经历以及再就业的预测因素。
苏格兰公共养老金机构向1998年4月至2000年3月期间因病退休的537名教师邮寄了我们的IHR调查问卷。
IHR最常见的原因是精神障碍（37%），其次是肌肉骨骼系统疾病（18%）。11%的教师在IHR之前曾接受职业健康服务。9%的教师获得了兼职工作机会，5%的教师获得了其他工作机会。63%的退休教师表示他们的健康状况有所改善，48%的教师表示他们希望再次工作。36%的受访教师自退休后已重新就业。未经调整的分析显示，IHR后教师的再就业与性别、有家属、工作类别、IHR原因、健康状况改善以及希望再次工作显著相关。多元逻辑回归分析显示，有三个变量是再就业的独立预测因素：有家属、工作类别和IHR原因。
这是第一项全面调查苏格兰教师IHR经历的研究。研究结果凸显了在多个领域对教师的支持严重不足，管理人员和雇主需要加以解决。我们的研究证实了需要康复和教师支持服务，以试图留住该行业中有经验的教师。
