Harris Melissa L, Erickson Carol A
Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Dev Dyn. 2007 Jan;236(1):1-19. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.20919.
There are two principal models to explain neural crest patterning. One assumes that neural crest cells are multipotent precursors that migrate throughout the embryo and differentiate according to cues present in the local environment. A second proposes that the neural crest is a population of cells that becomes restricted to particular fates early in its existence and migrates along particular pathways dependent on unique cell-autonomous properties. Although it is now evident that the neural crest cell population, as a whole, is actually heterogenous (composed of both multipotent and restricted progenitors), evidence supporting the model of prespecification has increased over the past few years. This review will begin by telling the story of melanoblasts: a neural crest subpopulation that is biased toward a single fate and subsequently acquires intrinsic properties that guide cells of this lineage to their final destination. The remainder of this review will explore whether this model is exclusive to melanoblasts or if it can also be used to explain the patterning of other neural crest cells like those of the sensory, sympathoadrenal, and enteric lineages.
有两种主要模型来解释神经嵴的模式形成。一种模型认为，神经嵴细胞是多能前体细胞，它们迁移到整个胚胎中，并根据局部环境中存在的线索进行分化。另一种模型则提出，神经嵴是一群细胞，它们在其存在的早期就被限制为特定的命运，并沿着依赖于独特细胞自主特性的特定途径迁移。尽管现在很明显，神经嵴细胞群体作为一个整体实际上是异质的（由多能和受限祖细胞组成），但在过去几年中，支持预特化模型的证据有所增加。本综述将首先讲述成黑素细胞的故事：神经嵴的一个亚群，它偏向于单一命运，随后获得内在特性，引导该谱系的细胞到达其最终目的地。本综述的其余部分将探讨该模型是否仅适用于成黑素细胞，或者它是否也可用于解释其他神经嵴细胞的模式形成，如感觉、交感肾上腺和肠神经谱系的细胞。
