Selleck M A, Scherson T Y, Bronner-Fraser M
Developmental Biology Center, University of California at Irvine 92717.
Dev Biol. 1993 Sep;159(1):1-11. doi: 10.1006/dbio.1993.1217.
The neural crest is a population of migratory cells, arising from the ectoderm, that invades many sites within the embryo and differentiate into a variety of diverse cell types. Pigment cells, most cells of the peripheral nervous system, adrenal medullary cells, and some cranial cartilage are derived from the neural crest. Despite a wealth of knowledge concerning their pathways of migration and vast array of derivatives, little is known about the formation of neural crest cells or their acquisition of positional identity. This review focuses on the origin of neural crest cells from the ectoderm and the generation of differences in neural crest cell fates along the rostrocaudal axis. In addition, we consider the role of temporal restriction in the developmental potential of premigratory neural crest cells. While evidence for the existence of multipotent stem cells is strong, some experiments also suggest that there may be heterogeneity among neural crest cell precursors, perhaps due to differences in origin, that might explain commitment events occurring early in neural crest development.
神经嵴是一群迁移性细胞，起源于外胚层，侵入胚胎内的许多部位并分化为多种不同的细胞类型。色素细胞、周围神经系统的大多数细胞、肾上腺髓质细胞和一些颅软骨都来源于神经嵴。尽管关于它们的迁移途径和大量衍生物已有丰富的知识，但对于神经嵴细胞的形成或它们位置身份的获得却知之甚少。本综述聚焦于神经嵴细胞从外胚层的起源以及沿头尾轴神经嵴细胞命运差异的产生。此外，我们考虑了时间限制在迁移前神经嵴细胞发育潜能中的作用。虽然多能干细胞存在的证据很充分，但一些实验也表明，神经嵴细胞前体之间可能存在异质性，这可能是由于起源不同所致，这或许可以解释神经嵴发育早期发生的定向分化事件。
