Takahashi Masaaki, Matsubara Takamasa, Doi Mitsuhito, Suzuki Daisuke, Nagano Akira
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2006 Nov;14(11):1055-9. doi: 10.1007/s00167-006-0192-9. Epub 2006 Aug 4.
For posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction, two root, anterolateral and posteromedial bundles restruction are performed. However, little has been mentioned of anatomical measurements of the insertions to the bone of these bundles in previous publications. The aim of this study is to determine the precise anatomical measurements of the femoral and tibial insertions for anterolateral and posteromedial bundles of PCL. A total of 32 femur and 33 tibiae were selected from 50 cadavers after exclusion of knees that displayed macroscopically degenerative changes or evidence of trauma. PCL were divided into anterolateral bundles and posteromedial bundles to the insertion footprint, and those locations were measured and described. The distance from the center of the femoral insertions of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles, and the Wrisberg ligament to the anterior margin of the medial femoral condyle averaged 9.6, 10.6, and 17.1 mm, respectively. The distance from the center of the femoral insertions of the anterolateral, posteromedial bundles, and Wrisberg ligament to the intercondylar roof averaged 4.8, 11.4, and 10.4 mm, respectively. The distance from the medial margin of the articular cartilage of the tibial plateau to the center of the tibial insertions of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles averaged 51.0 and 50.0% of the total widest width of the tibial plateau, respectively. The vertical distance from the tibial insertion of the center of the posteromedial bundle to the plane of the tibial articular surface averaged 4.6 mm. This study leads to a better definition of the anatomy of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles of PCL. It is very important to know the precise anatomy of PCL bundles when performing PCL reconstruction, and to evaluate PCL reconstruction surgery on an anatomical basis.
对于后交叉韧带（PCL）重建，需进行双束、前外侧束和后内侧束重建。然而，在以往的文献中，很少提及这些束在骨上附着点的解剖学测量。本研究的目的是确定PCL前外侧束和后内侧束在股骨和胫骨附着点的精确解剖学测量值。从50具尸体中选取了32根股骨和33根胫骨，排除了肉眼可见有退行性改变或创伤迹象的膝关节。将PCL按其在附着足迹处分为前外侧束和后内侧束，并对这些位置进行测量和描述。前外侧束、后内侧束以及Wrisberg韧带在股骨附着点中心到股骨内侧髁前缘的距离平均分别为9.6、10.6和17.1毫米。前外侧束、后内侧束以及Wrisberg韧带在股骨附着点中心到髁间顶的距离平均分别为4.8、11.4和10.4毫米。胫骨平台关节软骨内侧缘到前外侧束和后内侧束在胫骨附着点中心的距离分别平均为胫骨平台总最宽宽度的51.0%和50.0%。后内侧束中心在胫骨的附着点到胫骨关节面平面的垂直距离平均为4.6毫米。本研究有助于更好地明确PCL前外侧束和后内侧束的解剖结构。在进行PCL重建时，了解PCL束的精确解剖结构并基于解剖学基础评估PCL重建手术非常重要。
