Caputo Richard K
Yeshiva University-Wilf Campus, Wurzweiler School of Social Work, Belfer Hall, 2495 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10033-3299, USA.
J Gerontol Soc Work. 2006;47(1-2):175-201. doi: 10.1300/J083v47n01_11.
This study examined whether retirement implies complete withdrawal from the labor force and the role that increased wealth and income play in regard to the nature of retirement. Data came from the Health & Retirement Study, Waves 1-5. Findings indicated that most study sample pre-retirees remained in the labor force as they moved into what are considered the normal retirement years. As they moved on average from 50+ years of age to 60+ years of age, increasing percentages of study sample pre-retirees reported themselves as completely retired. Those who viewed themselves as completely retired were far less likely to work than those who did not view themselves as completely retired. Of particular importance was the finding that increased income in 2000 decreased the likelihood of self-reported complete retirement. Equally important was the finding that increased assets had no effect on retirement status with the exception of survey year 1998 when increased assets decreased the likelihood of viewing oneself as completely retired. Findings suggested that pro-work retirement policies aimed at increasing labor force participation among pre-retirees and increasing the normal retirement age can be effective. Five pro-work policies were discussed.
本研究考察了退休是否意味着完全退出劳动力市场，以及财富和收入增加在退休性质方面所起的作用。数据来自健康与退休研究的第1至5轮。研究结果表明，大多数研究样本中的准退休人员在进入被视为正常退休年龄的阶段时仍留在劳动力市场。随着他们平均年龄从50多岁增长到60多岁，研究样本中报告自己完全退休的准退休人员比例不断增加。那些认为自己完全退休的人工作的可能性远低于那些不认为自己完全退休的人。特别重要的是，研究发现2000年收入增加降低了自我报告完全退休的可能性。同样重要的是，研究发现除了1998年调查年份外，资产增加对退休状态没有影响，在1998年资产增加降低了将自己视为完全退休的可能性。研究结果表明，旨在提高准退休人员劳动力参与率和提高正常退休年龄的支持工作的退休政策可能是有效的。文中讨论了五项支持工作的政策。
