Mulligan Evan A, Ferry Natalie, Jouanin Lise, Walters Keith Fa, Port Gordon R, Gatehouse Angharad Mr
Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, School of Biology, University of Newcastle Upon-Tyne, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK.
Pest Manag Sci. 2006 Oct;62(10):999-1012. doi: 10.1002/ps.1276.
The potential impact of a chemical pesticide control method has been compared with that of transgenic plants expressing a protease inhibitor conferring insect resistance by utilising a tritrophic system comprising the crop plant Brassica napus (L.) (Oilseed rape), the pest mollusc Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) and the predatory carabid beetle Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger). Cypermethrin, as the most widely used pesticide in UK oilseed rape (OSR) cultivation, was selected as the conventional treatment. OSR expressing a cysteine protease inhibitor, oryzacystatin-1 (OC-1), was the transgenic comparator. In feeding trials, D. reticulatum showed no significant long-term effects on measured life history parameters (survival, weight gain, food consumption) as a result of exposure to either the cypermethrin or OC-1 treatment. However, D. reticulatum was able to respond to the presence of the dietary inhibitor by producing two novel proteases following exposure to OC-1-expressing OSR. Similarly, P. melanarius showed no detectable alterations in mortality, weight gain or food consumption when feeding on D. reticulatum previously fed either pesticide-contaminated or GM plant material. Furthermore, as with the slug, a novel form of protease, approximately M(r) 27 kDa, was induced in the carabid in response to feeding on slugs fed OC-1-expressing OSR.
通过利用一个包含作物甘蓝型油菜（Brassica napus (L.)，即油菜籽）、害虫软体动物野蛞蝓（Deroceras reticulatum (Müller)）和捕食性步甲甲虫（Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger)）的三营养系统，比较了化学农药防治方法与表达赋予抗虫性的蛋白酶抑制剂的转基因植物的潜在影响。氯氰菊酯作为英国油菜籽（OSR）种植中使用最广泛的农药，被选为常规处理方法。表达半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂水稻巯基蛋白酶抑制剂-1（OC-1）的油菜籽作为转基因对照物。在饲养试验中，野蛞蝓暴露于氯氰菊酯或OC-1处理后，对所测量的生活史参数（存活率、体重增加、食物消耗）没有显著的长期影响。然而，野蛞蝓在暴露于表达OC-1的油菜籽后，能够通过产生两种新的蛋白酶来应对饮食中抑制剂的存在。同样，当捕食先前摄食过受农药污染或转基因植物材料的野蛞蝓时，步甲甲虫在死亡率、体重增加或食物消耗方面没有可检测到的变化。此外，与蛞蝓一样，步甲甲虫在捕食摄食表达OC-1的油菜籽的蛞蝓后，会诱导产生一种新的蛋白酶形式，其分子量约为27 kDa。
