Sawczuk Marek, Maciejewska Agnieszka, Adamska Małgorzata, Skotarczak Bogumiła
Katedra Genetyki, Uniwersytet Szczeciński.
Wiad Parazytol. 2005;51(3):243-7.
The species of genus Babesia and Thelieria are obligate intracellular pathogens that multiply in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Some species of Babesia cause bovine babesiosis infecting erythrocytes of the cattle and wild ruminants, and undergo a complex developmental cycle in ticks which serve as biological vectors. Majority of Theileria spp. cause bovine theileriosis infecting lymphocytes as well as erythrocytes of the cattle and wild ruminants, and similar to Babesia undergo a complex developmental cycle in ticks. In this study, hunter killed roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from north-western Poland were tested for Babesia and Theileria infection in two seasons (spring and autumn, 2004). Infection with babesias and theilerias was detected by PCR assay based on the fragment of nuclear small subunit rRNA gene (nss-ribosomal DNA). Four types of products different in size were obtained and then sequenced. Sequence analysis of nucleotides showed that two kinds of products (385 and 475 bp) were unspecific, the third was characteristic for Theileria sp. (430bp) and the last one for Babesia divergens (407bp). We found that 24.4% of the animals examined were infected with Babesia divergens and 11% with Theileria sp. Percentage of infected animals with B. divergens was almost equal in the spring and autumn (24.6 and 24% respectively). Infection with Theileria was lower in the spring than in the autumn (10.5 and 12% respectively).
巴贝斯属（Babesia）和泰勒属（Theileria）的物种是专性细胞内病原体，在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物宿主中均能繁殖。一些巴贝斯虫物种会引发牛巴贝斯虫病，感染牛和野生反刍动物的红细胞，并在作为生物媒介的蜱中经历复杂的发育周期。大多数泰勒虫物种会引发牛泰勒虫病，感染牛和野生反刍动物的淋巴细胞以及红细胞，并且与巴贝斯虫类似，在蜱中经历复杂的发育周期。在本研究中，对来自波兰西北部被猎人捕杀的狍（Capreolus capreolus）和马鹿（Cervus elaphus）在两个季节（2004年春季和秋季）进行了巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫感染检测。基于核小亚基rRNA基因（nss - 核糖体DNA）片段，通过PCR检测法检测巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫感染情况。获得了四种大小不同的产物，随后进行测序。核苷酸序列分析表明，两种产物（385和475 bp）是非特异性的，第三种是泰勒虫属物种的特征性产物（430 bp），最后一种是分歧巴贝斯虫（Babesia divergens）的特征性产物（407 bp）。我们发现，所检测动物中有24.4%感染了分歧巴贝斯虫，11%感染了泰勒虫属物种。感染分歧巴贝斯虫的动物百分比在春季和秋季几乎相等（分别为24.6%和24%）。春季泰勒虫感染率低于秋季（分别为10.5%和12%）。
