Rikard-Bell G C, Törk I, Sullivan C, Scheibner T
School of Anatomy, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Neuroscience. 1990;34(1):133-48. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90308-q.
This study provides a detailed report of the distribution and density of substance P-like immunoreactive fibres and terminals within the human infant medulla. Seven brains with no signs of macroscopic alteration fixed usually within 24-48 h after death were used. Free floating transverse sections (50-60 microns) were then immunostained with a monoclonal antibody against substance P using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Morphologically three types of substance P-like immunoreactive fibres were observed: those with small varicosities of less than 1 micron, those with medium varicosities of 1-2 microns and those with large varicosities of 2-4 microns. Very dense substance P-like immunoreactivity was present within the spinal trigeminal nucleus, parts of the gracile and cuneate fasciculi and the paracommissural subnucleus of the solitary nucleus; dense substance P-like immunoreactivity was present within the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve, commissural, medial, dorsal, dorsolateral ventral and ventrolateral subnuclei of the solitary nuclear complex, parasolitary nucleus, raphe obscurus, inferior olivary complex (medial, dorsal, dorsomedial nuclei) and ventrolateral part of the dorsal reticular nucleus; moderate substance P-like immunoreactivity was present within the gelatinosus nucleus of the solitary tract, lateral reticular nucleus proper, intermediate reticular zone and parvocellular reticular nucleus; sparse substance P-like immunoreactivity was present within the hypoglossal nucleus, retroambigual nucleus and much of the reticular formation (dorsal, parvocellular, ventral gigantocellular, dorsal paragigantocellular nuclei): and very sparse substance P-like immunoreactivity was present within the nucleus ambiguus, medial vestibular nucleus and parts of the reticular formation (ventral, medial, gigantocellular, ventral gigantocellular, dorsal paragigantocellular nuclei). Substance P-like immunoreactivity was absent in the area postrema, intercalated nucleus, gracile and cuneate nuclei, in the epiolivary, subtrigeminal and parvocellular divisions of the lateral reticular nucleus, spinal vestibular nucleus, and in the solitary and pyramidal tracts. In several regions the substance P-like immunoreactive fibres formed distinct pericellular arrays around the somata and dendrites of neurons (hypoglossal nucleus, dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve, retroambigual nucleus, intermediate reticular zone). The results indicate the high specificity of the localization of substance P in various structures of the brainstem and underline the presumed significance of this peptide in autonomic and sensorimotor functions of the brain.
本研究详细报告了人婴儿延髓内P物质样免疫反应性纤维和终末的分布及密度。使用了7个死后通常在24 - 48小时内固定且无宏观改变迹象的大脑。然后采用抗生物素蛋白-生物素-过氧化物酶技术，用抗P物质的单克隆抗体对游离漂浮的横切片（50 - 60微米）进行免疫染色。在形态学上观察到三种类型的P物质样免疫反应性纤维：具有小于1微米小膨体的纤维、具有1 - 2微米中等膨体的纤维以及具有2 - 4微米大膨体的纤维。在三叉神经脊束核、薄束和楔束的部分区域以及孤束核的连合旁亚核内存在非常密集的P物质样免疫反应性；在迷走神经背核、孤束核复合体的连合、内侧、背侧、背外侧腹侧和腹外侧亚核、孤束旁核、中缝隐核、下橄榄复合体（内侧、背侧、背内侧核）以及背侧网状核的腹外侧部分存在密集的P物质样免疫反应性；在孤束胶状核、外侧网状核本部、中间网状带和小细胞网状核内存在中等程度的P物质样免疫反应性；在舌下神经核、疑后核以及大部分网状结构（背侧、小细胞、腹侧巨细胞、背侧旁巨细胞核）内存在稀疏的P物质样免疫反应性；在疑核、内侧前庭核以及部分网状结构（腹侧, 内侧, 巨细胞, 腹侧巨细胞, 背侧旁巨细胞核）内存在非常稀疏的P物质样免疫反应性。最后区、中间核、薄束核和楔束核、外侧网状核的橄榄上、三叉神经下和小细胞亚区、脊髓前庭核以及孤束和锥体束内不存在P物质样免疫反应性。在几个区域，P物质样免疫反应性纤维在神经元（舌下神经核、迷走神经背核、疑后核、中间网状带）的胞体和树突周围形成明显的细胞周围排列。结果表明P物质在脑干各结构中定位的高度特异性，并强调了该肽在脑的自主和感觉运动功能中的假定意义。
