Hunter Romana V, Clarkson Jan E, Fraser Hazel W, MacWalter Ronald S
Unit of Restorative Dental Care and Clinical Dental Services, The Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland.
Gerodontology. 2006 Sep;23(3):140-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2006.00125.x.
The aim of this study was to investigate patterns of oral care, dental attendance and oral health-related quality of life among adults who had suffered a stroke.
Stroke is the most common cause of adult disability in the UK. Seventy per cent of strokes occur in adults over 65 years of age. A mild stroke may leave little residual disability but in cases of moderate or severe stroke the disability may be significant and may impact on oral health and function.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults surviving 1 year after stroke, between January and July 2001. A medical screening was carried out which included an assessment of disability and handicap using the modified Rankin scale. A structured interview was conducted to identify normal patterns of oral care and dental attendance and to elicit if since suffering a stroke any changes had occurred or were likely to occur. The Short Form Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was administered prior to an oral examination. Analysis used SPSS 11.0 for Windows. Parametric and nonparametric tests were undertaken (t-tests and chi-squared tests with Yates correction where appropriate).
Forty-one adults were recruited into the study comprising 21 female and 20 male. They ranged in age from 50 to 87 years and the mean age was 69 years (SD = 9.8). Forty per cent of participants experienced moderate disability or greater following their stroke. Thirty-seven per cent had difficulty with tooth cleaning. The most frequently reported problem was being unable to use one hand properly as a result of the stroke. There was a significant association between the degree of disability following stroke and difficulty with tooth cleaning (P = 0.015). Disability as a result of the stroke was cited as the main reason for reported or projected attendance pattern change. The most frequently experienced OHIP-14 dimension was functional limitation (39%).
Individuals who have been left disabled after a stroke may require help with or advice on oral care and information on how to access dental services in a setting appropriate to their disability. Further research is needed to identify the dental needs of adults with stroke and to identify appropriate interventions to meet these needs.
本研究旨在调查中风成年患者的口腔护理模式、看牙情况及与口腔健康相关的生活质量。
中风是英国成年人残疾的最常见原因。70%的中风发生在65岁以上的成年人中。轻度中风可能几乎不会留下残余残疾，但中度或重度中风患者的残疾可能很严重，并可能影响口腔健康和功能。
2001年1月至7月，对中风后存活1年的成年人进行了一项横断面调查。进行了医学筛查，包括使用改良Rankin量表评估残疾和残障情况。进行了结构化访谈，以确定正常的口腔护理和看牙模式，并了解自中风以来是否发生或可能发生任何变化。在口腔检查前使用了简化口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP - 14）。分析使用Windows版SPSS 11.0。进行了参数检验和非参数检验（适当情况下使用t检验和经Yates校正的卡方检验）。
41名成年人被纳入研究，其中21名女性，20名男性。年龄在50至87岁之间，平均年龄为69岁（标准差 = 9.8）。40%的参与者中风后有中度或更严重的残疾。37%的人在刷牙时遇到困难。最常报告的问题是中风导致无法正常使用一只手。中风后的残疾程度与刷牙困难之间存在显著关联（P = 0.015）。中风导致的残疾被认为是报告的或预计的看牙模式改变的主要原因。最常出现的OHIP - 14维度是功能受限（39%）。
中风后致残的个体可能需要口腔护理方面的帮助或建议，以及关于如何在适合其残疾情况的环境中获得牙科服务的信息。需要进一步研究以确定中风成年患者的牙科需求，并确定满足这些需求的适当干预措施。
