Tarakeshwar Nalini, Krishnan A K, Johnson Sethulakshmi, Solomon Suniti, Sikkema Kathleen, Merson Michael
Yale University, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2006 Sep-Oct;8(5):407-21. doi: 10.1080/13691050600859609.
Through interviews, we examined explanatory frameworks of living with HIV infection among 50 HIV-positive individuals (23 women, 27 men) receiving care at a non-governmental organization in Chennai, India. Results were analysed according to three sets of issues, all of which were found to differ by gender: causal beliefs about HIV, impact of HIV, and care/treatment of HIV. HIV-positive participants attributed their infection to biological, moral and social causes, and the physical, financial and relationship dimensions of their lives were impacted upon by the infection. Furthermore, HIV-related stigma evoked fears about isolation and discrimination. Regarding care/treatment, men were most usually first initiated into the healthcare system while women often entered as a consequence of their partner's condition. Non-adherence to medication was reported by 32% of the participants due to financial constraints or side-effects. Although all participants were hopeful about a cure for HIV, women were less positive than men about treatment. Results highlight the importance of a gender-sensitive approach to HIV care, nuanced to accommodate an individual's gender, marital status and social background.
通过访谈，我们调查了印度钦奈一家非政府组织中50名接受治疗的艾滋病毒呈阳性者（23名女性，27名男性）对感染艾滋病毒后的生活解释框架。结果根据三组问题进行分析，所有这些问题在性别上均存在差异：对艾滋病毒的因果信念、艾滋病毒的影响以及艾滋病毒的护理/治疗。艾滋病毒呈阳性的参与者将他们的感染归因于生物学、道德和社会原因，并且他们生活的身体、经济和人际关系层面都受到了感染的影响。此外，与艾滋病毒相关的污名引发了对孤立和歧视的恐惧。在护理/治疗方面，男性通常是最早进入医疗系统的，而女性则常常因为伴侣的病情而就医。32%的参与者报告称，由于经济限制或副作用而未坚持服药。尽管所有参与者都对治愈艾滋病毒抱有希望，但女性对治疗的积极性低于男性。结果凸显了对艾滋病毒护理采取性别敏感方法的重要性，这种方法要细致入微，以适应个人的性别、婚姻状况和社会背景。
