Kontiola P, Laaksonen R, Sulkava R, Erkinjuntti T
Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Brain Lang. 1990 Apr;38(3):364-83. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(90)90121-v.
Language impairment was assessed in 33 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), in 52 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID), and in 86 elderly community residents. The investigation included the D-Test Battery based on the Luria's Neuropsychological Investigation for all subjects. An extended battery of Luria's language items was used for 30 demented patients (11 AD and 19 MID patients) and 86 controls. The changes in language functions in normal subjects could be clearly differentiated from those seen in patients with mild dementia. The patients with different degrees of dementia differed also significantly from each other in regard to language impairment. Moreover, patients with AD and MID appeared to have different patterns of language impairment although the severity of dementia and the levels of orientation, mnestic, and conceptual functions were equal. AD was associated especially with a defect in understanding of grammatical structures and MID with disorders in recognition of words, naming, and repetition. The differential diagnostic capacity of 23 selected language items proved to be 97% between AD, MID, and control subjects. The results indicate that the examination of language functions is valuable in the differential diagnosis of dementia.
对33例阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者、52例多发梗死性痴呆（MID）患者及86名老年社区居民进行了语言障碍评估。所有受试者均接受了基于鲁利亚神经心理学检查的D-测试组合。对30例痴呆患者（11例AD患者和19例MID患者）及86名对照者使用了扩展的鲁利亚语言项目组合。正常受试者的语言功能变化与轻度痴呆患者的变化可明显区分。不同程度痴呆的患者在语言障碍方面也存在显著差异。此外，尽管痴呆严重程度以及定向、记忆和概念功能水平相同，但AD患者和MID患者的语言障碍模式似乎不同。AD尤其与语法结构理解缺陷有关，而MID与单词识别、命名和复述障碍有关。23个选定语言项目的鉴别诊断能力在AD、MID和对照受试者之间为97%。结果表明，语言功能检查在痴呆的鉴别诊断中具有重要价值。
