Zhu Motao, Druschel Charlotte, Lin Shao
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12144-3456, USA.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2006 Jun;76(6):467-73. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20270.
Little is known about the association between maternal nativity and congenital malformations among Hispanics living in the United States.
We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between maternal nativity and various congenital malformations among singleton live-births born to Hispanic women in New York from 1993 to 2001. Birth certificates, used to identify maternal birthplace, were linked with congenital malformation registry files to obtain birth defects outcome. We examined how the risk of birth defects varied by maternal birthplace by estimating the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using logistic regression.
A foreign maternal birth showed statistically negative associations with overall congenital malformations (aOR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.68-0.73), cardiovascular defects (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93), central nervous system defects (aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63-0.91), and multiple defects (aOR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.74-0.86). Specifically, foreign-born Hispanic women were statistically at reduced risk to deliver live babies with cleft palate (aOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.40-0.80), atresia and stenosis of rectum or anus (aOR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.97), and craniosynostosis (aOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.99). Hispanic mothers born in Puerto Rico had a similar risk of delivering children with birth defects compared to U.S.-born Hispanic mothers. In contrast, Hispanic mothers born in Mexico, or Cuba and Central and South America were at reduced risk of delivering infants with overall congenital malformations (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.60-0.67) and (aOR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.63-0.68), respectively.
Foreign-born Hispanic mothers had a slightly lower risk to deliver live-born singleton infants with major congenital malformations than did U.S. born Hispanic mothers.
在美国生活的西班牙裔人群中，关于母亲出生地与先天性畸形之间的关联鲜为人知。
我们开展了一项横断面研究，以调查1993年至2001年在纽约出生的西班牙裔单胎活产儿中，母亲出生地与各种先天性畸形之间的关联。用于确定母亲出生地的出生证明与先天性畸形登记档案相链接，以获取出生缺陷结果。我们通过逻辑回归估计调整后的优势比（aOR），研究出生缺陷风险如何因母亲出生地而异。
母亲出生在国外与总体先天性畸形（aOR，0.70；95%可信区间，0.68 - 0.73）、心血管缺陷（aOR，0.85；95%可信区间，0.77 - 0.93）、中枢神经系统缺陷（aOR，0.76；95%可信区间，0.63 - 0.91）以及多种缺陷（aOR，0.80；95%可信区间，0.74 - 0.86）在统计学上呈负相关。具体而言，出生在国外的西班牙裔女性生下腭裂活婴的风险在统计学上降低（aOR，0.56；95%可信区间，0.40 - 0.80），直肠或肛门闭锁及狭窄（aOR，0.58；95%可信区间，0.35 - 0.97），以及颅缝早闭（aOR，0.71；95%可信区间，0.51 - 0.99）。与在美国出生的西班牙裔母亲相比，在波多黎各出生的西班牙裔母亲生下有出生缺陷孩子的风险相似。相比之下，在墨西哥、古巴以及中美洲和南美洲出生的西班牙裔母亲生下患有总体先天性畸形婴儿的风险分别降低（aOR，0.64；95%可信区间，0.60 - 0.67）和（aOR，0.65；95%可信区间）。
出生在国外的西班牙裔母亲生下患有主要先天性畸形的单胎活产儿的风险略低于在美国出生的西班牙裔母亲。
