Lawson Rebecca, Bülthoff Heinrich H
School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England.
Percept Psychophys. 2006 May;68(4):655-73. doi: 10.3758/bf03208766.
In three picture-picture matching experiments, the effects of a view change on our ability to detect a shape change (Experiments 1 and 2) were contrasted with the effects of a shape change on our ability to detect a view change (Experiment 3). In each experiment, both view changes and shape changes influenced performance. However, shape changes had more influence than did view changes in the shape change detection task Conversely, view changes were more influential when the task was to detect view changes. Thus, the participants could often discriminate between the effects of shape changes and the effects of view changes. The disruptive effect of task-irrelevant changes (view changes in the first two experiments; shape changes in the final experiment) does not support Stankiewicz's (2002) claim that information about viewpoint and about shape can be estimated independently by human observers. However, the greater effect of variation in the task-relevant than in the task-irrelevant dimension indicates that the observers were moderately successful at disregarding irrelevant changes.
在三项图片与图片匹配实验中，将视角变化对我们检测形状变化能力的影响（实验1和实验2）与形状变化对我们检测视角变化能力的影响（实验3）进行了对比。在每个实验中，视角变化和形状变化都会影响表现。然而，在形状变化检测任务中，形状变化比视角变化的影响更大。相反，当任务是检测视角变化时，视角变化的影响更大。因此，参与者通常能够区分形状变化的影响和视角变化的影响。任务无关变化（前两个实验中的视角变化；最后一个实验中的形状变化）的干扰效应并不支持斯坦基维茨（2002）的观点，即人类观察者可以独立估计关于视角和形状的信息。然而，任务相关维度的变化比任务无关维度的变化影响更大，这表明观察者在忽略无关变化方面取得了一定程度的成功。
