Borst Grégoire, Kosslyn Stephen M, Denis Michel
LIMSI-CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Mem Cognit. 2006 Apr;34(3):475-90. doi: 10.3758/bf03193572.
Mental image scanning is generally assumed to be a single process that allows people to shift attention across visualized objects. However, this implicit assumption is open to question. We report a set of three experiments based on the tasks originally designed by Kosslyn, Ball, and Reiser (1978) and Finke and Pinker (1982). Participants scanned the identical images of an array of dots in the two tasks. Nevertheless, the participants required more time to shift their focus over the imaged stimulus in the Kosslyn et al. (1978) paradigm. Moreover, correlational analyses revealed no consistent relationship between the slopes of the increases in scanning times with increasing distances in the two paradigms. We conclude that in the Kosslyn et al. (1978) paradigm, the participants draw primarily on transformational processes to scan, whereas in the Finke and Pinker (1982) paradigm, they draw primarily on attentional processes. Both processes, transforming the image and shifting an attention window, produce linear increases in time with increases in distance, but for different reasons.
心理意象扫描通常被认为是一个单一的过程，它使人们能够在想象的物体之间转移注意力。然而，这个隐含的假设值得怀疑。我们报告了一组基于最初由科斯林、鲍尔和赖泽（1978年）以及芬克和平克（1982年）设计的任务的三个实验。在这两个任务中，参与者扫描了一组点的相同图像。然而，在科斯林等人（1978年）的范式中，参与者需要更多时间将注意力转移到成像刺激上。此外，相关分析表明，在这两个范式中扫描时间随距离增加的斜率之间没有一致的关系。我们得出结论，在科斯林等人（1978年）的范式中，参与者主要依靠转换过程进行扫描，而在芬克和平克（1982年）的范式中，他们主要依靠注意力过程。这两个过程，即转换图像和移动注意力窗口，都会随着距离的增加而使时间呈线性增加，但原因不同。
