Denis M, Cocude M
Centre d'Etudes de Psychologie Cognitive, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Mem Cognit. 1992 Sep;20(5):497-506. doi: 10.3758/bf03199582.
Previous research has found a linear relation between distance and scanning times for spatial configurations when the spatial configurations were learned perceptually and when they were constructed from well-structured verbal descriptions. The current research replicated the time-distance relation when the images were constructed from repetitions of well-structured descriptions but not when the images were generated from three repetitions of a description that presented information in a random order. Six exposures to the randomly ordered information yielded the expected time-distance relation in image scanning. We posited that additional exposure to the poorly structured information allowed the image to develop the structural coherence and resolution needed to support consistent scanning. Thus, the structure of descriptions can affect the intrinsic structure of images of described objects and hence the mental operations performed subsequently on these images. Another experiment indicated that image coherence and resolution improves even after the verbal description is accurately recalled.
先前的研究发现，当空间构型是通过感知学习以及从结构良好的语言描述构建而成时，距离与空间构型的扫描时间之间存在线性关系。本研究重复了从结构良好的描述重复构建图像时的时间-距离关系，但当图像是由以随机顺序呈现信息的描述重复三次生成时则未重复该关系。对随机排序信息进行六次曝光后，在图像扫描中产生了预期的时间-距离关系。我们推测，对结构不良的信息进行额外曝光可使图像发展出支持一致扫描所需的结构连贯性和分辨率。因此，描述的结构会影响所描述对象图像的内在结构，进而影响随后对这些图像执行的心理操作。另一项实验表明，即使在准确回忆起语言描述之后，图像的连贯性和分辨率也会提高。
