Barrett H Clark, Frederick David A, Haselton Martie G, Kurzban Robert
Department of Anthropology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2006 Sep;91(3):513-8. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.513.
D. DeSteno, M. Y. Bartlett, J. Braverman, and P. Salovey proposed that if sex-differentiated responses to infidelity are evolved, then they should be automatic, and therefore cognitive load should not attenuate them. DeSteno et al. found smaller sex differences in response to sexual versus emotional infidelity among participants under cognitive load, an effect interpreted as evidence against the evolutionary hypothesis. This logic is faulty. Cognitive load probably affects mechanisms involved in simulating infidelity experiences, thus seriously challenging the usefulness of cognitive load manipulations in testing hypotheses involving simulation. The method also entails the assumption that evolved jealousy mechanisms are necessarily automatic, an assumption not supported by theory or evidence. Regardless of how the jealousy debate is eventually settled, cognitive load manipulations cannot rule out the operation of evolved mechanisms.
D. 德斯特诺、M. Y. 巴特利特、J. 布拉弗曼和P. 萨洛维提出,如果对不忠行为的性别差异反应是进化而来的,那么它们应该是自动的,因此认知负荷不应削弱它们。德斯特诺等人发现,在认知负荷下的参与者中,对性不忠与情感不忠的反应的性别差异较小,这一效应被解释为反对进化假设的证据。这种逻辑是错误的。认知负荷可能会影响模拟不忠经历所涉及的机制,从而严重挑战认知负荷操纵在测试涉及模拟的假设中的有用性。该方法还需要假设进化而来的嫉妒机制必然是自动的,这一假设没有得到理论或证据的支持。无论嫉妒之争最终如何解决,认知负荷操纵都无法排除进化机制的运作。