Sagarin Brad J, Becker D Vaughn, Guadagno Rosanna E, Wilkinson Wayne W, Nicastle Lionel D
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
Evol Psychol. 2012 Aug 10;10(3):487-503. doi: 10.1177/147470491201000307.
Although heterosexual women and men consistently demonstrate sex differences in jealousy, these differences disappear among lesbians and gay men as well as among heterosexual women and men contemplating same-sex infidelities (infidelities in which the partner and rival are the same sex). Synthesizing these past findings, the present paper offers a reproductive threat-based model of evolved sex differences in jealousy that predicts that the sexes will differ only when the jealous perceivers' reproductive outcomes are differentially at risk. This model is supported by data from a web-based study in which lesbians, gay men, bisexual women and men, and heterosexual women and men responded to a hypothetical infidelity scenario with the sex of the rival randomly determined. After reading the scenario, participants indicated which type of infidelity (sexual versus emotional) would cause greater distress. Consistent with predictions, heterosexual women and men showed a sex difference when contemplating opposite-sex infidelities but not when contemplating same-sex infidelities, whereas lesbians and gay men showed no sex difference regardless of whether the infidelity was opposite-sex or same-sex.
尽管异性恋女性和男性在嫉妒方面始终表现出性别差异，但这些差异在女同性恋者和男同性恋者中以及在考虑同性不忠行为（伴侣和情敌为同性的不忠行为）的异性恋女性和男性中消失了。综合过去的这些研究结果，本文提出了一种基于生殖威胁的嫉妒进化性别差异模型，该模型预测，只有当嫉妒者的生殖结果面临不同风险时，两性才会存在差异。一项基于网络的研究数据支持了该模型，在这项研究中，女同性恋者、男同性恋者、双性恋女性和男性以及异性恋女性和男性对一个假设的不忠情景做出反应，其中情敌的性别是随机确定的。阅读情景后，参与者指出哪种类型的不忠行为（性不忠与情感不忠）会导致更大的痛苦。与预测一致，异性恋女性和男性在考虑异性不忠行为时表现出性别差异，但在考虑同性不忠行为时则没有，而女同性恋者和男同性恋者无论不忠行为是异性还是同性都没有表现出性别差异。
