Staboulidou I, Freitag U, Marquardt R, Wüstemann M, Hillemanns P, Scharf A
Frauenklinik der Med. Hochschule Hannover, Hannover.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 2006 Aug;210(4):135-40. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-947217.
The factual sonographic training in obstetrics differs in Germany in a broad range. In this context, a tendency towards minimalistic dealings with this issue prevails. In contrast to this, the provisions of the German maternity guidelines relating to ultrasound clearly define quality oriented requirements serving altogether as a basic sonographic standard which mandatorily has to be met by all German Obstetricians. In order to close this gap between professional education and social demand, a training concept regarding obstetric ultrasound was devised by the German Association of Gynecologists utilizing the ultrasound simulator system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and the effectiveness of this method and its potential role and benefit in structured sonographic training.
Between October 2004 and August 2005, 74 obstetric ultrasound training courses according to the ultrasound simulator concept of the Medical School of Hanover were realized in nine federal states of Germany by the German Academy of Gynecology. The aim of these courses was it to procure ultrasound knowledge regarding the structured sonographic exclusion of fetal malformations in a compact manner. As a measure of quality assurance, a standardized questionnaire was issued before and after the courses in order to analyze the benefit of these simulator-based ultrasound courses.
The concept found prevailing approval (90 %) at the level of principle, practical implementation and clinical usefulness. 88,2 % of the participants estimated their subjective training effect as being good. The analysis of the questionnaire showed a statistically significant improvement of sonographic knowledge. On average, 74.1 % of the questions were answered correctly by the end of the course as opposed to a mere 46.3 % at the beginning.
Structured ultrasound training courses based on the ultrasound simulator system seem to be able to define a basic quality of training and significantly improves examiners' skills in prenatal medicine possible independent of local or structural factors. Hence they seem to be a suitable instrument to close the gap between the sonographic education worthy of improvement and the existing social demand for efficiacy of obstetric sonography.
德国产科超声实际培训差异很大。在这种情况下，对这个问题采取极简处理方式的趋势盛行。与此相反，德国孕产妇指南中关于超声的规定明确界定了以质量为导向的要求，这些要求共同构成了基本超声标准，所有德国产科医生都必须强制遵守。为了弥合专业教育与社会需求之间的差距，德国妇科医生协会利用超声模拟器系统设计了一种产科超声培训概念。本研究的目的是评估该方法的实用性、有效性及其在结构化超声培训中的潜在作用和益处。
2004年10月至2005年8月期间，德国妇科协会在德国九个联邦州举办了74期基于汉诺威医学院超声模拟器概念的产科超声培训课程。这些课程的目的是以紧凑的方式获取有关胎儿畸形结构化超声排除的超声知识。作为质量保证措施，在课程前后发放了标准化问卷，以分析这些基于模拟器的超声课程的益处。
该概念在原则、实际实施和临床实用性层面获得了普遍认可（90%）。88.2%的参与者认为他们的主观培训效果良好。问卷分析显示超声知识有统计学上的显著提高。课程结束时，平均74.1%的问题回答正确，而开始时仅为46.3%。
基于超声模拟器系统的结构化超声培训课程似乎能够界定基本培训质量，并显著提高产前医学检查人员的技能，可能不受当地或结构因素的影响。因此，它们似乎是一种合适的工具，可以弥合有待改进的超声教育与产科超声现有社会效能需求之间的差距。
