斋浦尔学童的烟草使用 prevalence 及风险意识

Prevalence of tobacco use and awareness of risks among school children in Jaipur.

作者信息

Singh V, Gupta R

机构信息

Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, SMS Medical College , Jaipur 302004 India.

出版信息

J Assoc Physicians India. 2006 Aug;54:609-12.

PMID:16941790

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Smoking and tobacco use is a major public health issue in developing countries. We performed an epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of smoking and tobacco-use and awareness of risks of tobacco use among school children.

METHODS

Students in randomly selected schools in Jaipur were studied. Students in classes 9-12 (age 13-18 years, boys 2866, girls 939) were enrolled. Medical social workers filled in information regarding presence of smoking and other forms of tobacco use among these children. Details of presence of tobacco use among family members, awareness of harms of tobacco and proactive role of children were also inquired.

RESULTS

Fifty nine boys (2.1%, 95% confidence interval 1.5% to 2.6%) and 16 girls (1.7%, 0.9% to 2.5%) agreed to current tobacco use. Smoking cigarettes or bidis was present in 43 boys (1.5%, 72.8% of users) and 8 girls (0.8%, 50.0% of users). Smoking or tobacco use was present in immediate family of 1208 boys (42.1%) and 304 girls (32.4%) (p<0.001) but was significantly more in family of children who used tobacco (boys 51/59, 86.4%, girls 11/16, 68.8%). 2842 boys (99.2%) boys and 934 girls (99.5%) were aware that tobacco use is harmful and similar proportions disliked it. More than 90% students were aware of its importance in causing respiratory diseases and the majority of boys and girls, respectively, knew of its potential to cause general debility (55.7%, 54.1%), heart disease (56.8%, 58.3%), cancer (64.6%, 64.6%), impotence (40.9%, 23.2%), ulcer of stomach (48.1%, 46.4%) and death (68.2%, 68.1%). 76.4% boys and 75.7% girls considered quitting to smoke beneficial and 77.1% boys and 75.8% girls knew that passive smoking is bad. 75.7% boys and 75.0% girls would insist that no-one smokes in their presence. 1592 boys (55.5%) and 507 girls (54.0%) remembered seeing tobacco related advertisement in news-paper and could recall name of the brand. 57.2% boys and 62.4% girls agreed to participate in a tobacco-awareness and cessation program, however only 5.2% of the students had attempted tobacco-control among family or peers.

CONCLUSIONS

There is low prevalence of smoking and tobacco use in school children in Jaipur. Awareness of harmful effects of tobacco is high.

摘要

背景

吸烟和使用烟草是发展中国家的一个主要公共卫生问题。我们进行了一项流行病学研究，以确定在校儿童中吸烟和使用烟草的 prevalence 以及对烟草使用风险的认识。

方法

对斋浦尔随机选择的学校中的学生进行了研究。纳入了 9 - 12 年级（年龄 13 - 18 岁，男生 2866 名，女生 939 名）的学生。医学社会工作者填写了关于这些儿童中吸烟和其他形式烟草使用情况的信息。还询问了家庭成员中烟草使用情况的细节、对烟草危害的认识以及儿童的积极作用。

结果

59 名男生（2.1%，95%置信区间 1.5%至 2.6%）和 16 名女生（1.7%，0.9%至 2.5%）同意当前使用烟草。43 名男生（1.5%，使用者的 72.8%）和 8 名女生（0.8%，使用者的 50.0%）存在吸香烟或比迪烟的情况。1208 名男生（42.1%）和 304 名女生（32.4%）的直系亲属中有吸烟或使用烟草的情况（p<0.001），但在使用烟草的儿童家庭中更为显著（男生 51/59，86.4%，女生 11/16，68.8%）。2842 名男生（99.2%）和 934 名女生（99.5%）知道烟草使用有害，且类似比例的人不喜欢烟草使用。超过 90%的学生知道其在导致呼吸道疾病方面的重要性，大多数男生和女生分别知道其导致全身虚弱（55.7%，54.1%）、心脏病（56.8%，58.3%）、癌症（64.6%，64.6%）、阳痿（40.9%，23.2%）、胃溃疡（48.1%，46.4%）和死亡（68.2%，68.1%）的可能性。76.4%的男生和 75.7%的女生认为戒烟有益，77.1%的男生和 75.8%的女生知道被动吸烟有害。75.7%的男生和 75.0%的女生会坚持要求在他们面前无人吸烟。1592 名男生（55.5%）和 507 名女生（54.0%）记得在报纸上看到过与烟草相关的广告并能回忆起品牌名称。57.2%的男生和 62.4%的女生同意参加烟草意识和戒烟项目，然而只有 5.2%的学生曾在家庭或同龄人中尝试进行烟草控制。