Högl Birgit, Paulus Walter, Clarenbach Peter, Trenkwalder Claudia
Dept. of Neurology, Medical University, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
J Neurol. 2006 Aug;253 Suppl 4:IV22-8. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-4005-3.
In the past few years, major advances have been made in the field of restless legs syndrome (RLS). New tools have been developed to assess the presence and severity of RLS and its complications. Furthermore new concepts of the phenotype are emerging.With a high likelihood a slight dopaminergic hypofunction contributes essentially to the pathophysiology of most phenotypes of RLS. Dopaminergic substitution either with L-DOPA or with dopamine agonists ameliorates symptoms in the large majority of patients. Too high of doses of either type of drug may be involved in the development of augmentation caused by treatment-induced alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopaminergic agents are currently the agents of first choice to treat RLS, and large multicenter trials support the evidence of efficacy. Very careful tailoring of the dose is required to avoid the development of treatment complications, specifically augmentation.
在过去几年里，不安腿综合征（RLS）领域取得了重大进展。已开发出新工具来评估RLS的存在、严重程度及其并发症。此外，关于该病症表型的新概念正在出现。很有可能轻微的多巴胺能功能减退在很大程度上导致了大多数RLS表型的病理生理过程。使用左旋多巴或多巴胺激动剂进行多巴胺能替代可改善绝大多数患者的症状。这两种药物中任何一种剂量过高都可能导致因治疗引起的多巴胺能神经传递改变而引发症状加重。多巴胺能药物目前是治疗RLS的首选药物，大型多中心试验支持了其疗效证据。需要非常谨慎地调整剂量以避免出现治疗并发症，尤其是症状加重。
