Hatanaka T, Yasuhara A, Kobayashi Y
Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1990 Jul;76(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(90)90056-p.
We studied the electrically and mechanically elicited blink reflexes in 2 groups of subjects, i.e., 237 newborn infants, 25-41 weeks of conceptional age, and 74 children, 1 month-12 years of age. In infants after 25 weeks of conceptional age we could usually induce the early response (R1) and ipsilateral late response (R2), while the contralateral late response (R2') of the electrical blink reflex became apparent after 33 weeks of conceptional age and the frequency of the appearance of R2' reached more than 60% after 38 weeks of conceptional age. After 7 months of age, R2' was usually observed. The R1 latency in full-term newborns was close to adult values, while the R2 and R2' latencies reached adult values at 7-12 years. After 1 year of age the latency of the R2 mechanical blink reflex had a tendency to be shorter than that of the electrical blink reflex. Under 35 weeks of conceptional age, the recovery curves of the blink reflex were considerably different from those of full-term infants, and premature infants showed little or no evidence of inhibition. These results indicate the absence of inhibitory interneurones in premature infants.
我们研究了两组受试者的电刺激和机械刺激诱发的眨眼反射，即237名孕龄25 - 41周的新生儿和74名1个月至12岁的儿童。在孕龄25周后的婴儿中，我们通常可以诱发早期反应（R1）和同侧晚期反应（R2），而电刺激眨眼反射的对侧晚期反应（R2'）在孕龄33周后变得明显，且在孕龄38周后R2'出现的频率达到60%以上。7个月龄后，通常可观察到R2'。足月儿的R1潜伏期接近成人值，而R2和R2'潜伏期在7至12岁时达到成人值。1岁以后，R2机械性眨眼反射的潜伏期往往比电刺激眨眼反射的潜伏期短。在孕龄35周以下，眨眼反射的恢复曲线与足月儿的有很大不同，早产儿几乎没有或没有抑制的迹象。这些结果表明早产儿缺乏抑制性中间神经元。
