Nakashima K, Shimoyama R, Yokoyama Y, Takahashi K
Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993 Apr;89(2):108-12. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90092-4.
The effects of sound on the electrically elicited blink reflex were examined in 11 PD patients and 8 control subjects. The blink reflex was conditioned by sound stimulation which did not produce the blink response by itself. Latencies of onset, durations and amplitudes of the R1 and R2 components of the blink reflex produced by single electrical stimulation in PD patients were not different from those in control subjects. In control subjects, sound stimulation produced the facilitation of the R1 component at intervals between 50 and 100 msec, the facilitation of the R2 component at intervals between -20 and 10 msec and the suppression of the R2 component at intervals between 100 and 1000 msec. In PD patients, the facilitation of the R1 and R2 components increased and the suppression of the R2 component decreased. The hyperfunction of the facilitatory interneurones and the hypofunction of the inhibitory interneurones, relating with the blink reflex, might play a role in the abnormal motor control system in the faces of PD patients. These abnormalities might be related to the disturbed function of the reticular formation and the basal ganglia.
在11名帕金森病（PD）患者和8名对照受试者中研究了声音对电诱发眨眼反射的影响。眨眼反射由自身不会产生眨眼反应的声音刺激进行条件设定。PD患者单次电刺激产生的眨眼反射R1和R2成分的起始潜伏期、持续时间和振幅与对照受试者无异。在对照受试者中，声音刺激在50至100毫秒的间隔产生R1成分的易化，在-20至10毫秒的间隔产生R2成分的易化，在100至1000毫秒的间隔产生R2成分的抑制。在PD患者中，R1和R2成分的易化增加，R2成分的抑制减少。与眨眼反射相关的易化性中间神经元的功能亢进和抑制性中间神经元的功能减退可能在PD患者面部异常运动控制系统中起作用。这些异常可能与网状结构和基底神经节的功能紊乱有关。
