de Lusignan Simon, Hague Nigel, van Vlymen Jeremy, Dhoul Neil, Chan Tom, Thana Lavanya, Kumarapeli Pushpa
Primary Care Informatics, Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's University of London, London, UK.
Eur J Gen Pract. 2006;12(1):19-29. doi: 10.1080/13814780600757260.
To report current levels of obesity and associated cardiac risk using routinely collected primary care computer data.
67 practices took part in an educational intervention to improve computer data quality and care in cardiovascular disease. Data were extracted from 435,102 general practice computer records. 64.3% (229,108/362,861) of people age 15 y and older had a body mass index (BMI) recording or a valid height and weight record that enabled BMI to be derived. Data about cardiovascular disease and risk factors were also extracted. The prevalence of disease and the control of risk factors in the overweight and obese population were compared with those of normal body weight.
56.8% of men and 69.3% of women aged over 15 y had a BMI record. 22% of men and 32.3% of women aged 15 to 24 y were overweight or obese; rising each decade to a peak of 65.6% of men and 57.5% of women aged 55 to 64 y. Thereafter, the proportion who were overweight or obese declined. The prevalence of ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension rose with increasing levels of obesity; their prevalence in those who are moderately obese was between two and three times that of the general population. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose even in non-diabetics, cholesterol and triglycerides were all elevated in the overweight and obese population.
Based on the recorded data over half of men and nearly half of women are overweight or obese. They have increased cardiovascular risk, which is not adequately controlled by current practice.
利用常规收集的基层医疗计算机数据报告当前肥胖水平及相关心脏风险。
67家医疗机构参与了一项教育干预措施，以提高计算机数据质量和心血管疾病护理水平。数据从435,102份全科医疗计算机记录中提取。15岁及以上人群中，64.3%（229,108/362,861）有体重指数（BMI）记录或有效的身高和体重记录，据此可得出BMI。还提取了心血管疾病及风险因素的数据。将超重和肥胖人群的疾病患病率及风险因素控制情况与正常体重人群进行比较。
15岁以上男性中有56.8%、女性中有69.3%有BMI记录。15至24岁的男性中有22%、女性中有32.3%超重或肥胖；此后每十年上升，在55至64岁的男性中达到65.6%的峰值，女性中达到57.5%的峰值。此后，超重或肥胖人群的比例下降。缺血性心脏病、糖尿病和高血压的患病率随肥胖程度增加而上升；中度肥胖者的患病率是普通人群的两到三倍。超重和肥胖人群的收缩压和舒张压、即使是非糖尿病患者的血糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯均升高。
根据记录数据，超过半数男性和近半数女性超重或肥胖。他们的心血管风险增加，目前的医疗实践对此控制不足。
