Batterham Rachel L, Heffron Helen, Kapoor Saloni, Chivers Joanna E, Chandarana Keval, Herzog Herbert, Le Roux Carel W, Thomas E Louise, Bell Jimmy D, Withers Dominic J
Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University College London, WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom.
Cell Metab. 2006 Sep;4(3):223-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.08.001.
Dietary protein enhances satiety and promotes weight loss, but the mechanisms by which appetite is affected remain unclear. We investigated the role of gut hormones, key regulators of ingestive behavior, in mediating the satiating effects of different macronutrients. In normal-weight and obese human subjects, high-protein intake induced the greatest release of the anorectic hormone peptide YY (PYY) and the most pronounced satiety. Long-term augmentation of dietary protein in mice increased plasma PYY levels, decreased food intake, and reduced adiposity. To directly determine the role of PYY in mediating the satiating effects of protein, we generated Pyy null mice, which were selectively resistant to the satiating and weight-reducing effects of protein and developed marked obesity that was reversed by exogenous PYY treatment. Our findings suggest that modulating the release of endogenous satiety factors, such as PYY, through alteration of specific diet constituents could provide a rational therapy for obesity.
膳食蛋白质可增强饱腹感并促进体重减轻，但食欲受影响的机制仍不清楚。我们研究了肠道激素（摄食行为的关键调节因子）在介导不同宏量营养素的饱腹感作用中的作用。在正常体重和肥胖的人类受试者中，高蛋白摄入诱导厌食激素肽YY（PYY）释放最多，饱腹感最明显。长期增加小鼠饮食中的蛋白质会提高血浆PYY水平，减少食物摄入量，并降低肥胖程度。为了直接确定PYY在介导蛋白质饱腹感作用中的作用，我们培育了Pyy基因敲除小鼠，这些小鼠对蛋白质的饱腹感和减肥作用具有选择性抗性，并出现明显肥胖，外源性PYY治疗可逆转这种肥胖。我们的研究结果表明，通过改变特定饮食成分来调节内源性饱腹感因子（如PYY）的释放，可能为肥胖提供一种合理的治疗方法。
