Crowe Michael, Andel Ross, Pedersen Nancy L, Fratiglioni Laura, Gatz Margaret
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, 35294-2100, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2006 Sep;21(3):573-80. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.573.
The authors examined the relationship between personality and cognitive impairment in 4,039 members of the Swedish Twin Registry. Neuroticism and extraversion scores were collected in 1973 at midlife, and cognitive impairment was assessed in the same group 25 years later. Data were analyzed with case-control and co-twin control designs. Greater neuroticism was associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment in the results from case-control, but not from co-twin, analyses. Compared with both extraversion and introversion, moderate extraversion was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment in both case-control and co-twin designs, as was the combination of high neuroticism and low extraversion. Findings are discussed in the context of theories related to personality, psychological distress, arousal, and cognitive function.
作者对瑞典双胞胎登记处的4039名成员的人格与认知障碍之间的关系进行了研究。1973年在中年时收集了神经质和外向性得分，并在25年后对同一组人群进行了认知障碍评估。采用病例对照和同卵双胞胎对照设计对数据进行分析。病例对照分析结果显示，较高的神经质与认知障碍风险较高相关，但同卵双胞胎对照分析结果并非如此。在病例对照和同卵双胞胎对照设计中，与外向性和内向性相比，适度外向与较低的认知障碍风险相关，高神经质和低外向性的组合也是如此。研究结果在与人格、心理困扰、唤醒和认知功能相关的理论背景下进行了讨论。
