Ambard Alberto J, Mueninghoff Leonard
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
J Prosthodont. 2006 Sep-Oct;15(5):321-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-849X.2006.00129.x.
Calcium phosphate cement is a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of powder and liquid, which when mixed, sets as primarily hydroxyapatite, sometimes mixed with unreacted particles and other phases. This material has been extensively investigated due to its excellent biological properties, potential resorbability, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Because the material can potentially be replaced with bone after a period of time, it could retain the short-term biological advantages of hydroxyapatite without the long-term disadvantages. Although little is known about this material in the dental community, in vivo and in vitro studies show calcium phosphate cement as a promising material for grafting applications. In the following article, the authors review the biological and mechanical properties of calcium phosphate cement, as well as its potential use in clinical applications.
A Medline search was performed (timeline: 1980 to 2003) using the following keywords: calcium phosphate cement, hydroxyapatite cement, HA cement, and hydroxyapatite. The search was limited to the English language. The patent literature as well as a limited number of master's theses and books were reviewed after using the electronic database search service from a dental school library.
Calcium phosphate cement appears to have excellent biological properties. At only 2 weeks, spicules of living bone with normal bone marrow and osteocytes can be seen. Excellent moldability is a desired clinical characteristic; however, further research is necessary in order to improve the mechanical properties of the cement. The resorption/replacement by bone capability of the cement remains controversial. Further research is needed to clarify this issue. Due to poor mechanical properties, clinical applications are currently limited to craniofacial applications. Further research is necessary to take advantage of the excellent biological properties of this cement under clinical applications.
Further research is necessary to understand and improve the behavior of this type of cement under clinical situations.
磷酸钙骨水泥是一种生物活性和可生物降解的移植材料，呈粉末和液体形式，混合后主要凝固为羟基磷灰石，有时还会与未反应的颗粒及其他相混合。由于其优异的生物学特性、潜在的可吸收性、成型能力和易于操作，这种材料已得到广泛研究。由于该材料在一段时间后可能会被骨替代，它可以保留羟基磷灰石的短期生物学优势而无长期劣势。尽管牙科领域对这种材料了解甚少，但体内和体外研究表明磷酸钙骨水泥是一种有前景的移植应用材料。在以下文章中，作者综述了磷酸钙骨水泥的生物学和力学性能及其在临床应用中的潜在用途。
使用以下关键词进行了医学文献数据库检索（时间范围：1980年至2003年）：磷酸钙骨水泥、羟基磷灰石骨水泥、HA骨水泥和羟基磷灰石。检索仅限于英文文献。在使用牙科学校图书馆的电子数据库检索服务后，对专利文献以及数量有限的硕士论文和书籍进行了综述。
磷酸钙骨水泥似乎具有优异的生物学特性。仅在2周时，就能看到带有正常骨髓和骨细胞的活骨针状结构。出色的成型性是理想的临床特性；然而，为了改善骨水泥的力学性能，还需要进一步研究。骨水泥被骨吸收/替代的能力仍存在争议。需要进一步研究来阐明这个问题。由于力学性能较差，目前临床应用仅限于颅面应用。有必要进一步研究以在临床应用中利用这种骨水泥的优异生物学特性。
有必要进一步研究以了解并改善这类骨水泥在临床情况下的表现。
