Zaidi Qasim, Li Andrea
SUNY College of Optometry, Department of Vision Sciences, New York, New York 10036, USA.
Vis Neurosci. 2006 May-Aug;23(3-4):323-30. doi: 10.1017/S0952523806233170.
The role of chromatic information in 3-D shape perception is controversial. We resolve this controversy by showing that chromatic orientation flows are sufficient for accurate perception of 3-D shape. Chromatic flows required less cone contrast to convey shape than did achromatic flows, thus ruling out luminance artifacts as a problem. Luminance artifacts were also ruled out by a protanope's inability to see 3-D shape from chromatic flows. Since chromatic orientation flows can only be extracted from retinal images by neurons that are responsive to color modulations and selective for orientation, the psychophysical results also resolve the controversy over the existence of such neurons. In addition, we show that identification of 3-D shapes from chromatic flows can be masked by luminance modulations, indicating that it is subserved by orientation-tuned neurons sensitive to both chromatic and luminance modulations.
颜色信息在三维形状感知中的作用存在争议。我们通过表明颜色方向流足以准确感知三维形状来解决这一争议。与无彩色流相比，颜色流传达形状所需的视锥细胞对比度更低，从而排除了亮度伪像问题。色盲患者无法从颜色流中看出三维形状，这也排除了亮度伪像。由于颜色方向流只能由对颜色调制有反应且对方向有选择性的神经元从视网膜图像中提取，因此这些心理物理学结果也解决了关于此类神经元是否存在的争议。此外，我们表明，亮度调制可以掩盖从颜色流中识别三维形状的能力，这表明它是由对颜色和亮度调制都敏感的方向调谐神经元所支持的。
