Ross Lori E, McLean Linda M
Women's Mental Health and Addiction Research Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2006 Aug;67(8):1285-98. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v67n0818.
The postpartum period is recognized as a time of vulnerability to affective disorders, particularly postpartum depression. In contrast, the prevalence and clinical presentation of anxiety disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period have received little research attention. In this article, we review the medical literature as it relates to the prevalence and clinical presentation of panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
MEDLINE (1966 to July 2005 week 1) and PsycInfo (1840 to July 2005 week 1) were searched using combinations of the following search terms: pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, panic disorder, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.
All relevant papers published in English and reporting original data related to perinatal anxiety disorders were included.
Studies were examined for data related to the prevalence, presentation, predictors/risk factors, new onset, course, and treatment of anxiety disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Anxiety disorders are common during the perinatal period, with reported rates of obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder being higher in postpartum women than in the general population. The perinatal context of anxiety disorders presents unique issues for detection and management.
Future research is needed to estimate the prevalence of perinatal anxiety disorders more precisely, to identify potential implications of maternal anxiety disorders for maternal quality of life and child development, and to determine safe and effective treatment methods.
产后时期被认为是易患情感障碍的时期，尤其是产后抑郁症。相比之下，孕期和产后焦虑症的患病率及临床表现很少受到研究关注。在本文中，我们回顾了与孕期和产后惊恐障碍、强迫症、创伤后应激障碍及广泛性焦虑症的患病率和临床表现相关的医学文献。
使用以下搜索词组合在MEDLINE（1966年至2005年7月第1周）和PsycInfo（1840年至2005年7月第1周）中进行搜索：怀孕、分娩、产后、惊恐障碍、恐惧症、强迫症、创伤后应激障碍、广泛性焦虑症。
纳入所有以英文发表且报告围产期焦虑症相关原始数据的相关论文。
审查研究中与孕期和产后焦虑症的患病率、表现、预测因素/风险因素、新发情况、病程及治疗相关的数据。
焦虑症在围产期很常见，据报道产后妇女中强迫症和广泛性焦虑症的发病率高于一般人群。焦虑症的围产期情况在检测和管理方面存在独特问题。
需要未来的研究更精确地估计围产期焦虑症的患病率，确定母亲焦虑症对母亲生活质量和儿童发育的潜在影响，并确定安全有效的治疗方法。
