Erdogmus Senem, Govsa Figen
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2006 Oct;84(5):642-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.2006.00673.x.
The aim of the study was to investigate the arterial blood supply of the intraorbital part of the optic nerve.
The location, course, length and diameter of the central retinal artery (CRA) and posterior ciliary arteries were studied in 19 adult white male preserved cadavers of between 35 and 75 years of age.
In right eyes, the first branch of the intraorbital part of the ophthalmic artery was the CRA in 26.3% (5/19) and the CRA and medial posterior ciliary artery in 21% (4/19) of eyes. In left eyes, the first branch of the intraorbital part of the ophthalmic artery was the CRA in 47.4% (9/19) and the CRA and medial posterior ciliary artery in 26.3% (5/19) of eyes. The CRA was observed as a single branch in 57.9% and a trunk in 42.1% of right eyes, and as a single branch in 52.6% and a trunk in 47.3% of left eyes. The outer diameter of the CRA measured 0.6 +/- 0.1 mm (min-max 0.5-0.9 mm) in right eyes and 0.6 +/- 0.2 mm (min-max 0.4-0.9 mm) in left eyes. The CRA entered the optic nerve 7.5 +/- 2.2 mm (min-max 5.3-12.5 mm) behind the ocular bulb in right eyes and 7.4 +/- 2.3 mm (min-max 5.3-14.1 mm) behind it in left eyes, at its lower and medial side. The posterior ciliary arteries ran forward, divided into multiple branches and pierced the sclera close to the optic nerve medially, laterally or superiorly. The longitudinal capillaries ran between the optic nerve and the CRA antero-posteriorly, while the transverse capillaries surrounded the optic nerve. Collaterals from both the longitudinal and transverse capillaries joined to form a complicated capillary plexus.
This article confirms the well known variability of the arterial circulation of the intraorbital part of the optic nerve. Better understanding of the arterial anatomy of the intraorbital part of the optic nerve should enable appropriate modification of surgical techniques.
本研究旨在探讨视神经眶内段的动脉血供。
对19具年龄在35至75岁之间的成年白人男性防腐尸体的视网膜中央动脉（CRA）和睫状后动脉的位置、走行、长度和直径进行了研究。
在右眼，眼动脉眶内段的第一分支为CRA的占26.3%（5/19），为CRA和睫状后内侧动脉的占21%（4/19）。在左眼，眼动脉眶内段的第一分支为CRA的占47.4%（9/19），为CRA和睫状后内侧动脉的占26.3%（5/19）。右眼CRA为单支的占57.9%，为干的占42.1%；左眼CRA为单支的占52.6%，为干的占47.3%。右眼CRA外径为0.6±0.1mm（最小-最大0.5-0.9mm），左眼为[0.6±0.2mm（最小-最大0.4-0.9mm）。右眼CRA在眼球后7.5±2.2mm（最小-最大5.3-12.5mm）处、左眼在眼球后7.4±2.3mm（最小-最大5.3-14.1mm）处，于其下内侧进入视神经。睫状后动脉向前走行，分成多个分支，在视神经内侧、外侧或上方靠近视神经处穿入巩膜。纵向毛细血管在视神经和CRA之间前后走行，横向毛细血管围绕视神经。纵向和横向毛细血管的侧支相互连接形成复杂的毛细血管丛。
本文证实了视神经眶内段动脉循环的众所周知的变异性。对视神经眶内段动脉解剖结构更好的理解应能使手术技术得到适当改进。
