Parrott Matthew D, Young Karen W H, Greenwood Carol E
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Sep;54(9):1382-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00844.x.
To determine whether increases in caloric intake associated with consumption of a mid-morning nutritional supplement for 3 weeks were maintained in the week after stopping the supplement and to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and cognitive and behavioral measures on this response.
Secondary analysis of a previously published randomized, crossover, nonblinded clinical trial.
A fully accredited geriatric care facility affiliated with the University of Toronto.
Thirty institutionalized seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) who ate independently.
Investigator-weighed food intake, body weight, cognitive (Severe Impairment Battery; Global Deterioration Scale) and behavioral (Neuropsychiatric Inventory--Nursing Home version; London Psychogeriatric Rating Scale) assessments.
Individuals who responded successfully to supplementation as indicated by increases in daily energy intake were likely to maintain 58.8% of that increase postsupplementation, although stopping the supplement was associated with decreased habitual energy intake in low-BMI individuals who reduced their daily intakes during supplementation in response to the extra calories. Cognitive/behavioral tests were not reliable predictors of postsupplement intake.
Institutionalized seniors with probable AD are likely to alter their usual energy intakes to maintain changes resulting from 3 weeks of supplementation. This effect may allow for rotating supplementation schedules in nursing homes that could reduce staff burden, but only for those individuals who are most likely to respond favorably. These data indicate that nutritional supplements and diet plans should be carefully prescribed in low-BMI individuals to limit variability in total energy provided and thus prevent lower-than-normal intake.
确定在停止摄入为期3周的上午营养补充剂后的一周内，与该补充剂摄入相关的热量摄入增加是否得以维持，并研究体重指数（BMI）以及认知和行为指标对这一反应的影响。
对先前发表的一项随机、交叉、非盲临床试验进行二次分析。
多伦多大学附属的一家完全认可的老年护理机构。
30名独立进食的患有可能的阿尔茨海默病（AD）的机构养老老年人。
研究人员称重的食物摄入量、体重、认知（严重损害量表；总体衰退量表）和行为（神经精神科问卷——养老院版；伦敦老年精神病学评定量表）评估。
那些如每日能量摄入增加所示对补充剂有成功反应的个体，在停止补充后可能维持增加量的58.8%，尽管停止补充剂与低BMI个体的习惯性能量摄入减少有关，这些个体在补充期间因额外热量而减少了每日摄入量。认知/行为测试不是补充后摄入量的可靠预测指标。
患有可能的AD的机构养老老年人可能会改变其通常的能量摄入量，以维持3周补充所带来的变化。这种效果可能允许在养老院采用轮换补充计划，这可以减轻工作人员的负担，但仅适用于那些最可能有良好反应的个体。这些数据表明，对于低BMI个体，应谨慎制定营养补充剂和饮食计划，以限制所提供的总能量的变异性，从而防止摄入量低于正常水平。
