Parette H P, Hourcade J J, Brimberry R K
Center for Research on Teaching and Learning, University of Arkansas, Little Rock.
J Fam Pract. 1990 Sep;31(3):288-96.
Technological advances, coupled with recent federal legislation targeting young children who have developmental disabilities, will increasingly necessitate an expanded role of the family physician in the lives of these children and their families. Of particular importance is Public Law 99-457, the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986, which recognizes the importance of the family unit in any intervention methodology that may be provided. This legislation also notes that the active involvement of the family's physician is desirable when designing services appropriate for children with developmental disabilities and their families. Providing support and optimizing positive family interactions are crucial to these children. Recommendations to enable the family physician to address more effectively the unique needs of this patient population include (1) an informal screening protocol, and (2) communication skills that include talking with both parents at the same time, using accurate, nonstigmatizing language when presenting a diagnosis, showing acceptance of and optimism regarding the child, encouraging parents to explain their child's problems to others, helping parents to learn about their children's unique needs, and helping parents to understand how their attitudes affect their child.
技术进步，再加上近期针对有发育障碍幼儿的联邦立法，将越来越需要家庭医生在这些儿童及其家庭的生活中发挥更大作用。特别重要的是公法99 - 457，即1986年的《残疾人教育法修正案》，该法案认识到家庭单位在任何可能提供的干预方法中的重要性。该立法还指出，在设计适合发育障碍儿童及其家庭的服务时，家庭医生的积极参与是可取的。为这些儿童提供支持并优化积极的家庭互动至关重要。使家庭医生能够更有效地满足这一患者群体独特需求的建议包括：（1）一个非正式的筛查方案，以及（2）沟通技巧，包括同时与父母双方交谈、在给出诊断时使用准确、无污名化的语言、表现出对孩子的接纳和乐观态度、鼓励父母向他人解释孩子的问题、帮助父母了解孩子的独特需求，以及帮助父母理解他们的态度如何影响孩子。
