Pin Tamis, Dyke Paula, Chan Michael
University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006 Oct;48(10):855-62. doi: 10.1017/S0012162206001836.
Passive stretching is widely used for individuals with spasticity in a belief that tightness or contracture of soft tissues can be corrected and lengthened. Evidence for the efficacy of passive stretching on individuals with spasticity is limited. The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of passive stretching in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Seven studies were selected according to the selection criteria and scored against the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Effect size and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for comparison. There was limited evidence that manual stretching can increase range of movements, reduce spasticity, or improve walking efficiency in children with spasticity. It appeared that sustained stretching of longer duration was preferable to improve range of movements and to reduce spasticity of muscles around the targeted joints. Methods of passive stretching were varied. Further research is required given the present lack of knowledge about treatment outcomes and the wide use of this treatment modality.
被动拉伸广泛应用于患有痉挛的个体，人们认为软组织的紧绷或挛缩可以得到纠正和延长。关于被动拉伸对痉挛个体疗效的证据有限。本综述的目的是评估被动拉伸对痉挛型脑瘫儿童有效性的证据。根据选择标准选取了七项研究，并依据物理治疗证据数据库量表进行评分。计算效应量和95%置信区间以作比较。仅有有限的证据表明，手法拉伸可增加痉挛儿童的运动范围、减轻痉挛或提高步行效率。似乎持续更长时间的拉伸更有利于改善运动范围和减轻目标关节周围肌肉的痉挛。被动拉伸的方法多种多样。鉴于目前对治疗效果缺乏了解且这种治疗方式应用广泛，仍需进一步研究。
