荷斯坦奶牛所产荷斯坦犊牛与吉尔×荷斯坦F1杂交奶牛犊牛在妊娠期、围产期和断奶前的生长性状。

Gestational, periparturient and preweaning growth traits of Holstein versus Gir x Holstein F1 crossbred dairy calves born to Holstein dams.

作者信息

Schmidt S J, Bowers S D, Dickerson T, Gandy B S, Holholm F, Graves K B, White J, Vann R C, Willard S T

机构信息

Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.

出版信息

Trop Anim Health Prod. 2006 Apr;38(3):249-60. doi: 10.1007/s11250-006-4359-7.

DOI:10.1007/s11250-006-4359-7

PMID:16986772

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to assess the gestational, periparturient and preweaning growth traits of Holstein vs Gir x Holstein (G x H F1) cross-bred dairy calves. Holstein cows (n=64) pregnant with Holstein (H x H) calves (bulls, n=16; heifers, n=18) or G x H (bulls, n=8; heifers, n=22) calves were sampled from 60 days of gestation through calving for serum progesterone (P4) and in utero placentome sizes, and at parturition for calving ease scores (CES), calf vigour scores (CVS), and placental characteristics. Post-calving calf measures included birth weight (day 0) and body weight (kg), hip width (HW), body length (BL), wither height (WH), hip height (HH) and heart girth (HG) through 42 days of age. Serum IgG and calf vital function tests (respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (RT) and fecal scores) were recorded on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 of age (a.m. and p.m.). Serum gestational P4 was higher (p < 0.05) for cows with H x H than G x H calves. Placentome measurements in utero were greater (p < 0.01) for H x H calves than for G x H calves, while at parturition placental characteristics did not differ (p > 0.10). Gestation length, CES and CVS also did not differ (p > 0.10) between H x H and G x H calves. Calf RR and HR were higher (p < 0.05) for H x H than G x H calves at both a.m. and p.m., while RT, fecal scores and serum IgG did not differ (p > 0.10) between H x H and G x H calves. Birth weight did not differ (p > 0.10) between H x H and G x H calves within sex. Moreover, bulls did not differ (p > 0.10) in any of the growth measures between H x H and G x H calves, whereas H x H heifers at days 28 and 42 of age were greater (p < 0.05) in all growth traits than G x H heifers. Nevertheless, the relative change in growth measures over time (days 0 to 42) did not differ (p > 0.10) between H x H and G x H calves. While subtle differences in gestational, early growth and vital function characteristics were observed, these data suggest very similar developmental profiles between H x H and G x H calves.

摘要

本研究的目的是评估荷斯坦奶牛与吉尔×荷斯坦（G×H F1）杂交奶牛犊在妊娠期、围产期和断奶前的生长性状。从妊娠60天至产犊期间，对怀有荷斯坦（H×H）犊牛（公牛16头，小母牛18头）或G×H犊牛（公牛8头，小母牛22头）的64头荷斯坦奶牛进行采样，检测血清孕酮（P4）和子宫内胎盘小叶大小；在分娩时，记录产犊难易度评分（CES）、犊牛活力评分（CVS）和胎盘特征。产后犊牛测量指标包括出生体重（第0天）和体重（千克）、臀宽（HW）、体长（BL）、鬐甲高度（WH）、臀高（HH）和胸围（HG），直至42日龄。在犊牛1、3、7和14日龄的上午和下午记录血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）以及犊牛重要功能测试指标（呼吸频率（RR）、心率（HR）、直肠温度（RT）和粪便评分）。怀有H×H犊牛的奶牛血清妊娠P4水平高于怀有G×H犊牛的奶牛（p<0.05）。子宫内胎盘小叶测量值，H×H犊牛大于G×H犊牛（p<0.01），而在分娩时胎盘特征无差异（p>0.10）。H×H和G×H犊牛的妊娠期长度、CES和CVS也无差异（p>0.10）。上午和下午，H×H犊牛的RR和HR均高于G×H犊牛（p<0.05），而RT、粪便评分和血清IgG在H×H和G×H犊牛之间无差异（p>0.10）。H×H和G×H犊牛在性别内的出生体重无差异（p>0.10）。此外，H×H和G×H犊牛的公牛在任何生长指标上均无差异（p>0.10），而H×H小母牛在28和42日龄时的所有生长性状均大于G×H小母牛（p<0.05）。然而，H×H和G×H犊牛在0至42日龄期间生长指标的相对变化无差异（p>0.10）。虽然在妊娠期、早期生长和重要功能特征方面观察到细微差异，但这些数据表明H×H和G×H犊牛的发育概况非常相似。