Macassa Gloria, De Leon Antonio Ponce, Burström Bo
Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2006;34(5):526-33. doi: 10.1080/14034940600551137.
This study analyses the impact of improved water supply and sanitation on the level and rate of decline of child diarrhoea mortality in Stockholm 1878-1925. Previous studies have failed to demonstrate an effect of improved water supply on the risk of diarrhoea mortality at the individual level. Using data on access to water and sanitation from a household survey in 1895 and mortality rates and sociodemographic information from individual data 1878-1925 to analyse area differentials in diarrhoea mortality, it was found that the proportion having their own latrine in the household was associated with lower mortality risk in 1895-1900, while the proportion having water in the household was associated with lower diarrhoea mortality risk during the mortality decline until 1925. Population effects of improved water and sanitation on diarrhoea mortality may be better measured at area level than at individual level.
本研究分析了1878年至1925年期间，改善供水和卫生条件对斯德哥尔摩儿童腹泻死亡率水平及下降速度的影响。此前的研究未能证明改善供水在个体层面上对腹泻死亡风险有影响。利用1895年家庭调查中关于获得水和卫生设施的数据，以及1878年至1925年个体数据中的死亡率和社会人口统计学信息来分析腹泻死亡率的地区差异，结果发现，1895年至1900年期间，家庭拥有自家厕所的比例与较低的死亡风险相关，而在1925年之前死亡率下降期间，家庭获得水的比例与较低的腹泻死亡风险相关。改善水和卫生条件对腹泻死亡率的人群影响，在地区层面可能比在个体层面上衡量得更好。
