Ando K, Arai S, Kawamura K
Biological Laboratory, Liberal Arts, Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Neuroscience. 1990;36(2):521-33. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90002-5.
The distribution and origin of nerves with calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P or neurokinin A immunoreactivity in the walls of the cerebral arteries were investigated in three microchiropteran species. The supply of nerves immunoreactive for substance P and neurokinin A to the bat cerebral arteries is confined mostly to the vertebral and basilar arteries. The density of innervation of calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerves and that of nerves with substance P or neurokinin A immunoreactivity in the vertebrobasilar system differ among species: the Japanese large footed bat is innervated with nerves with calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P and neurokinin A immunoreactivity with about the same density, whereas in the greater horseshoe bat, there are many substance P-immunoreactive nerves with very weak or no calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity, and in the bent-winged bat, calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity is not found in all nerves with substance P immunoreactivity in the pial arteries of all parts of the brain. Nearly all cells immunoreactive for substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide or both in the trigeminal and cervical dorsal root ganglia were small. In the greater horseshoe bat and the bent-winged bat, there is a correlation between the level of expression of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in the cervical dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia and the cerebral perivascular nerves supplying the vertebrobasilar system. The cerebrovascular innervation of nerves with substance P immunoreactivity in small bats is similar to that of cats and guinea-pigs in which the trigeminal ganglia have been destroyed. These observations, in addition to absence of nerve cells showing substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in the pial artery and in the nerve bundles accompanying the extracranial internal carotid and vertebral arteries, suggest that substance P-immunoreactive nerves with or without immunoreactivity to calcitonin gene-related peptide in the vertebrobasilar system of small bats originate exclusively from the cervical dorsal root ganglia. The remaining fibres probably originate in the trigeminal ganglia.
在三种小型翼手目动物中，研究了大脑动脉壁中具有降钙素基因相关肽、P物质或神经激肽A免疫反应性的神经的分布和起源。对蝙蝠大脑动脉具有P物质和神经激肽A免疫反应性的神经供应主要局限于椎动脉和基底动脉。降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性神经以及具有P物质或神经激肽A免疫反应性的神经在椎基底系统中的神经支配密度在不同物种间存在差异：日本大足鼠耳蝠被具有降钙素基因相关肽、P物质和神经激肽A免疫反应性的神经以大致相同的密度支配，而在大马蹄蝠中，有许多P物质免疫反应性神经，其降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性非常弱或没有，并且在折翼蝠中，在大脑所有部位软膜动脉中具有P物质免疫反应性的所有神经中并非都能发现降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性。三叉神经节和颈背根神经节中几乎所有对P物质、降钙素基因相关肽或两者具有免疫反应性的细胞都很小。在大马蹄蝠和折翼蝠中，颈背根和三叉神经节中P物质和降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性的表达水平与供应椎基底系统的大脑血管周围神经之间存在相关性。小型蝙蝠中具有P物质免疫反应性的神经的脑血管支配与三叉神经节已被破坏的猫和豚鼠相似。这些观察结果，除了在软膜动脉以及伴随颅外颈内动脉和椎动脉的神经束中没有显示P物质或降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性的神经细胞外，表明小型蝙蝠椎基底系统中具有或不具有降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应性的P物质免疫反应性神经完全起源于颈背根神经节。其余纤维可能起源于三叉神经节。
