Buck Ursula, Naether Silvio, Braun Marcel, Bolliger Stephan, Friederich Hans, Jackowski Christian, Aghayev Emin, Christe Andreas, Vock Peter, Dirnhofer Richard, Thali Michael J
University of Bern, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Buehlstrasse 20, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2007 Jul 20;170(1):20-8. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.08.024. Epub 2006 Sep 25.
The examination of traffic accidents is daily routine in forensic medicine. An important question in the analysis of the victims of traffic accidents, for example in collisions between motor vehicles and pedestrians or cyclists, is the situation of the impact. Apart from forensic medical examinations (external examination and autopsy), three-dimensional technologies and methods are gaining importance in forensic investigations. Besides the post-mortem multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the documentation and analysis of internal findings, highly precise 3D surface scanning is employed for the documentation of the external body findings and of injury-inflicting instruments. The correlation of injuries of the body to the injury-inflicting object and the accident mechanism are of great importance. The applied methods include documentation of the external and internal body and the involved vehicles and inflicting tools as well as the analysis of the acquired data. The body surface and the accident vehicles with their damages were digitized by 3D surface scanning. For the internal findings of the body, post-mortem MSCT and MRI were used. The analysis included the processing of the obtained data to 3D models, determination of the driving direction of the vehicle, correlation of injuries to the vehicle damages, geometric determination of the impact situation and evaluation of further findings of the accident. In the following article, the benefits of the 3D documentation and computer-assisted, drawn-to-scale 3D comparisons of the relevant injuries with the damages to the vehicle in the analysis of the course of accidents, especially with regard to the impact situation, are shown on two examined cases.
交通事故检验是法医学的日常工作。在分析交通事故受害者时，例如机动车与行人或骑自行车者之间的碰撞，一个重要问题是碰撞情况。除了法医学检查（外部检查和尸检）外，三维技术和方法在法医学调查中越来越重要。除了用于记录和分析内部发现的死后多层计算机断层扫描（MSCT）和磁共振成像（MRI）外，高精度三维表面扫描还用于记录身体外部发现和致伤器械。身体损伤与致伤物体及事故机制之间的关联非常重要。应用的方法包括记录身体外部和内部、涉案车辆及致伤工具，以及分析所获取的数据。通过三维表面扫描对身体表面、受损事故车辆进行数字化处理。对于身体内部发现，使用死后MSCT和MRI。分析包括将获取的数据处理成三维模型、确定车辆行驶方向、将损伤与车辆损坏情况相关联、从几何角度确定碰撞情况以及评估事故的其他发现。在下面的文章中，通过两个检验案例展示了三维记录以及在事故过程分析中对相关损伤与车辆损坏进行计算机辅助的按比例三维比较的益处，特别是在碰撞情况方面。
