Tong Frank, Meng Ming, Blake Randolph
Psychology Department, 301 Wilson Hall, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2006 Nov;10(11):502-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2006.09.003. Epub 2006 Sep 25.
During binocular rivalry, conflicting monocular images compete for access to consciousness in a stochastic, dynamical fashion. Recent human neuroimaging and psychophysical studies suggest that rivalry entails competitive interactions at multiple neural sites, including sites that retain eye-selective information. Rivalry greatly suppresses activity in the ventral pathway and attenuates visual adaptation to form and motion; nonetheless, some information about the suppressed stimulus reaches higher brain areas. Although rivalry depends on low-level inhibitory interactions, high-level excitatory influences promoting perceptual grouping and selective attention can extend the local dominance of a stimulus over space and time. Inhibitory and excitatory circuits considered within a hybrid model might account for the paradoxical properties of binocular rivalry and provide insights into the neural bases of visual awareness itself.
在双眼竞争期间，相互冲突的单眼图像以随机、动态的方式争夺进入意识的机会。最近的人类神经成像和心理物理学研究表明，双眼竞争在多个神经部位引发竞争性相互作用，包括保留眼睛选择性信息的部位。双眼竞争极大地抑制腹侧通路的活动，并减弱对形状和运动的视觉适应；尽管如此，关于被抑制刺激的一些信息仍能到达更高的脑区。虽然双眼竞争依赖于低水平的抑制性相互作用，但促进知觉分组和选择性注意的高水平兴奋性影响可以在空间和时间上扩展刺激的局部优势。在混合模型中考虑的抑制性和兴奋性回路可能解释双眼竞争的矛盾特性，并为视觉意识本身的神经基础提供见解。
