Knobloch K, Vogt P M
Unfallchirurgische Klinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2006 Sep;20(3):137-42. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-926995.
Nordic pole Walking (NW) as trend sport is associated with beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Data regarding the injury and overload injury rates are pending.
137 athletes (74 % females, 53 +/- 12 years, weight 73 +/- 13 kg, height 169 +/- 11 cm) were prospectively ask using a two-sided questionnaire. Mean NW experience was 212.8 weeks with 2.9 +/- 1.8 hours/week. The overall exposure was 29 160 h.
NW injury rate was 0.926/1000 h. Falls were evident in 0.24/1000 h. The upper extremity was involved more frequently (0.549/1000 h) than the lower extremity (0.344/1000 h). The most severe injury was a concomitant shoulder dislocation and luxation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the index finger after a fall. The most frequent injury in NW was a distorsion of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb (0.206/1000 h) after fall. Shoulder injuries account for 0.171/1000 h with 0.069/1000 h shoulder dislocations. Distal radius fractures were rare as ankle sprains and shinspints (0.034/1000 h). Muscle injuries were encountered only at the gastrocnemius muscle (0.137/1000 h). No knee ligament injuries were noted. In 5%, NW injuries caused interruption of the performance, with all patients returning to sport within 4 weeks on the same level as before.
Nordic Walking is safe. Most frequently, a Nordic walking thumb is encountered during a fall with the athlete holding on to the NW pole until the very last moment before the hand hits the ground with the pole handle as hypomochlium that forces the thumb into abduction and extension. Modifications of the grip construction as well as information of the athlete and behaviour changes may be preventive measures.
北欧式健走（NW）作为一项时尚运动，对心血管系统具有有益影响。关于损伤和过度损伤发生率的数据尚未可知。
前瞻性地使用双面问卷对137名运动员（74%为女性，年龄53±12岁，体重73±13千克，身高169±11厘米）进行询问。北欧式健走的平均经验为212.8周，每周2.9±1.8小时。总暴露时间为29160小时。
北欧式健走损伤发生率为0.926/1000小时。跌倒发生率为0.24/1000小时。上肢受伤频率（0.549/1000小时）高于下肢（0.344/1000小时）。最严重的损伤是跌倒后同时发生的肩部脱位和食指近节指间关节脱位。北欧式健走中最常见的损伤是跌倒后拇指尺侧副韧带扭伤（0.206/1000小时）。肩部损伤发生率为0.171/1000小时，其中肩部脱位发生率为0.069/1000小时。桡骨远端骨折与脚踝扭伤和胫骨骨膜炎一样罕见（0.034/1000小时）。仅在腓肠肌处出现肌肉损伤（0.137/1000小时）。未发现膝关节韧带损伤。5%的北欧式健走损伤导致运动中断，所有患者在4周内恢复到之前的运动水平。
北欧式健走是安全的。最常见的情况是，运动员在跌倒时紧握北欧式健走杖，直到手拿着杖柄着地前的最后一刻，此时杖柄作为支撑点迫使拇指外展和伸展，从而出现“北欧式健走拇指”。握把结构的改进以及对运动员的宣传和行为改变可能是预防措施。
