Department of Biomechanics, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Mickiewicza 58 Street, 51-684, Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Paderewskiego 35 Avenue, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 16;14(1):11249. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-62109-9.
This technique-focused observational study explores the impact of a 6-week Nordic Walking (NW) program on physiological and biomechanical aspects in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients. Twelve male IHD patients (66.2 ± 5.2 years, 12.2 ± 7.5 years of disease duration) were evaluated pre- and post-training for (i) gait parameters, (ii) exercise tolerance using electrocardiographic (ECG) stress test, (iii) a 6-min walk test (6MWT). The NW training, adhering to IHD patient guidelines, involved a 100-m walk at a self-selected, preferred speed without sticks, with classic NW sticks and mechatronic sticks. A mechatronic measuring system, specifically engineered for measuring, diagnosing and monitoring the patient's gait, was integrated into mechatronic sticks. Post-training, significant enhancements were observed in ECG stress test duration, metabolic equivalency, and 6MWT distance, irrespective of the stick type. However, no significant changes were noted in spatiotemporal parameters concerning the measured side, stick utilisation, or type. The results suggest that NW training boosts exercise capacity and refines gait mechanics in male IHD patients. However, the improvement in exercise capacity was not linked to changes in gait mechanics from NW training but rather to the movement during NW gait. Hence, the key to enhancing exercise capacity in IHD patients is the movement during NW gait, not the quality of gait mechanics.
本研究为技术聚焦型观察性研究，旨在探讨为期 6 周的北欧健走（Nordic Walking，NW）方案对缺血性心脏病（ischemic heart disease，IHD）患者生理和生物力学方面的影响。12 名男性 IHD 患者（66.2±5.2 岁，疾病持续时间 12.2±7.5 年）在训练前后接受了以下评估：（i）步态参数；（ii）心电图（electrocardiographic，ECG）应激测试的运动耐量；（iii）6 分钟步行测试（6-min walk test，6MWT）。NW 训练遵循 IHD 患者指南，患者在不使用手杖的情况下，以自我选择的、偏好的速度进行 100 米行走，同时使用经典的 NW 手杖和机电手杖。机电测量系统，专门用于测量、诊断和监测患者的步态，被集成到机电手杖中。训练后，无论使用哪种类型的手杖，患者在 ECG 应激测试持续时间、代谢当量和 6MWT 距离方面均有显著改善。然而，在测量侧、手杖使用和类型的时空参数方面，未观察到显著变化。结果表明，NW 训练可提高男性 IHD 患者的运动能力并改善其步态力学。然而，运动能力的改善与 NW 训练对步态力学的改善无关，而是与 NW 步态的运动有关。因此，提高 IHD 患者运动能力的关键是 NW 步态的运动，而不是步态力学的质量。
