Brennick Michael J, Gefter Warren B, Margulies Susan S
Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 991 Maloney Building, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2007 May 14;156(2):154-64. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2006.08.010. Epub 2006 Aug 30.
To examine the regional mechanical effects of selective genioglossus muscle activation on pharyngeal airway size and function, magnetic resonance images of the pharyngeal airway were obtained in five paralyzed, anesthetized cats over a range of positive and negative pressures in an isolated, sealed upper airway. When all results across pressure levels and pharyngeal regions were analyzed, genioglossus stimulation significantly increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the nasopharyngeal airway. Within specific regions, stimulation tended toward significantly increasing cross-sectional airway area in the mid-nasopharynx. Despite its dilating effect, genioglossus muscle stimulation did not alter compliance in the nasopharyngeal airway, as evidenced by the similar slopes of the pressure versus cross-sectional area relationships with and without stimulation. Finally, airway shape in the mid pharynx became more circular with either increased airway pressure or genioglossus stimulation. The results indicate that selective stimulation of the genioglossus muscle dilates the nasopharynx and provide evidence that stimulation of the genioglossus alone does not alter airway compliance.
为了研究选择性颏舌肌激活对咽气道大小和功能的局部力学效应，在五只瘫痪、麻醉的猫身上，于隔离、密封的上气道内一系列正压和负压条件下获取了咽气道的磁共振图像。当分析跨压力水平和咽区域的所有结果时，颏舌肌刺激显著增加了鼻咽气道的横截面积（CSA）。在特定区域内，刺激倾向于显著增加鼻咽中部的气道横截面积。尽管颏舌肌有扩张作用，但颏舌肌刺激并未改变鼻咽气道的顺应性，这通过有无刺激时压力与横截面积关系的相似斜率得以证明。最后，随着气道压力增加或颏舌肌刺激，咽中部的气道形状变得更圆。结果表明，选择性刺激颏舌肌可扩张鼻咽，并提供证据表明单独刺激颏舌肌不会改变气道顺应性。
