Mann Eric A, Burnett Theresa, Cornell Sonia, Ludlow Christy L
Laryngeal and Speech Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1416, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2002 Feb;112(2):351-6. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200202000-00027.
To determine the effects of neuromuscular stimulation (NS) of the genioglossus muscle on hypopharyngeal airway size.
Fourteen consecutively recruited healthy volunteers underwent percutaneous electrical NS of the genioglossus muscle.
Bipolar hooked wires were inserted percutaneously into the genioglossus muscle and used for NS. The anterior--posterior diameter of the hypopharynx was measured at the level of the superior edge of the epiglottis at baseline and during NS from recorded video endoscopic examinations.
NS of the genioglossus muscle resulted in a significant increase in the diameter of the hypopharyngeal airway (P =.002) compared with baseline, ranging from a 33% to 284% increase in airway diameter. Three of the 14 patients demonstrated modest decreases in airway diameter, likely the result of faulty electrode placement in surrounding tongue retrusive muscles.
NS of the genioglossus muscle was effective in increasing the hypopharyngeal airway and may provide a useful alternative to direct stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve with a nerve cuff electrode in the development of neuroprosthetic treatments for obstructive sleep apnea.
确定颏舌肌神经肌肉刺激（NS）对下咽气道大小的影响。
连续招募14名健康志愿者，对其颏舌肌进行经皮电刺激。
将双极钩线经皮插入颏舌肌用于神经肌肉刺激。根据记录的视频内镜检查，在基线时和神经肌肉刺激期间，于会厌上缘水平测量下咽的前后径。
与基线相比，颏舌肌神经肌肉刺激导致下咽气道直径显著增加（P = 0.002），气道直径增加范围为33%至284%。14名患者中有3名气道直径略有减小，可能是电极放置在周围舌后缩肌中不当所致。
颏舌肌神经肌肉刺激可有效增加下咽气道，在开发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的神经假体治疗方法时，可能为使用神经袖套电极直接刺激舌下神经提供一种有用的替代方法。
