Beswick Ellen J, Suarez Giovanni, Reyes Victor E
World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Sep 21;12(35):5599-605. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i35.5599.
H. pylori is probably the most prevalent human pathogen worldwide. Since it was initially suggested in 1983 by Marshall and Warren to be implicated in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori has also been implicated in gastric carcinoma and was classified as a class I carcinogen. In the last two decades, a noteworthy body of research has revealed the multiple processes that this gram negative bacterium activates to cause gastroduodenal disease in humans. Most infections are acquired early in life and may persist for the life of the individual. While infected individuals mount an inflammatory response that becomes chronic, along with a detectable adaptive immune response, these responses are ineffective in clearing the infection. H. pylori has unique features that allow it to reside within the harsh conditions of the gastric environment, and also to evade the host immune response. In this review, we discuss the various virulence factors expressed by this bacterium and how they interact with the host epithelium to influence pathogenesis.
幽门螺杆菌可能是全球最普遍的人类病原体。自1983年马歇尔和沃伦首次提出它与胃炎和消化性溃疡病有关以来，幽门螺杆菌也被认为与胃癌有关，并被列为I类致癌物。在过去二十年中，大量值得注意的研究揭示了这种革兰氏阴性细菌激活导致人类胃十二指肠疾病的多个过程。大多数感染在生命早期获得，可能会在个体的一生中持续存在。虽然受感染个体产生的炎症反应会变为慢性，同时伴有可检测到的适应性免疫反应，但这些反应在清除感染方面无效。幽门螺杆菌具有独特的特征，使其能够在胃部恶劣环境中生存，并逃避宿主的免疫反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这种细菌表达的各种毒力因子，以及它们如何与宿主上皮细胞相互作用以影响发病机制。
