Tsunoda Kenji, Hong Chang, Wei Sun, Hasnath M A, Nyunt Maung Maung, Rajbhandary Heramba B, Dorji Tashi, Tumennasan Horloojau, Sato Keizo
Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
Biochem Genet. 2006 Oct;44(7-8):287-306. doi: 10.1007/s10528-006-9026-1. Epub 2006 Sep 26.
The phylogenetic relationships among 23 local sheep breeds and varieties in East Asia were determined based on allele frequency data for five informative and polymorphic blood protein and nonprotein loci (transferrin, arylesterase, hemoglobin-beta, X-protein, and potassium transport) using electrophoresis and ion-densitometric techniques. Comparatively striking differences in the frequency distributions, especially of hemoglobin-beta and X-protein alleles, were seen between the northern population of the Khalkhas, Bhyanglung, Baruwal, Jakar, Sakten, and five Chinese breeds and the southern population of the Bengal, Kagi, Lampuchhre, Myanmar, and Sipsu breeds. Clustering analyses using UPGMA and NJ methods and principal component analysis, using the data of all populations and loci tested, clearly demonstrated the difference. The two population groups are divided by the boundary of the Himalayas, and each diverged into three subgroups: Mongolian, Tibetan, and Himalayan groups in the north and Indian groups I, II, and III in the south. It was noted that the genetic differentiation of populations was more distinct in the northern group. These findings strongly suggest the existence of at least two large and phylogenetically different gene pools of sheep in East Asia.
基于5个信息丰富且具有多态性的血液蛋白质和非蛋白质基因座（转铁蛋白、芳基酯酶、血红蛋白-β、X蛋白和钾转运）的等位基因频率数据，采用电泳和离子密度测定技术，确定了东亚地区23个地方绵羊品种和变种之间的系统发育关系。在哈尔哈斯、比扬隆、巴鲁瓦尔、贾卡尔、萨克滕的北方种群以及5个中国品种与孟加拉、卡吉、兰普赫雷、缅甸和锡普苏品种的南方种群之间，观察到频率分布存在较为显著的差异，尤其是血红蛋白-β和X蛋白等位基因。使用UPGMA和NJ方法进行聚类分析以及使用所有测试种群和基因座的数据进行主成分分析，都清楚地证明了这种差异。这两个种群组被喜马拉雅山脉的边界分隔开，并且各自分化为三个亚组：北方的蒙古组、藏组和喜马拉雅组，以及南方的印度组I、II和III。值得注意的是，北方种群组的遗传分化更为明显。这些发现有力地表明，东亚地区至少存在两个大型且系统发育不同的绵羊基因库。
