Gall A, Schirrmeier H
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Boddenblick 5a, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. 2006 Oct;53(8):358-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.00986.x.
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is usually a fatal disease in rabbits which has spread rapidly across the continents. While previous studies suggested persistence in rabbits to be an important factor in the epidemiology, the relevance of field virus infection of immune rabbits has not been investigated in experimentally infected animals before. This report describes for the first time the persistence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) genome for at least 15 weeks in rabbits immunized with an inactivated vaccine as well as a subunit vaccine and subsequently challenged with virulent RHDV. The viral RNA loads were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. No conspicuous association of the detectable amount of RHDV RNA with the type of vaccine, the time after infection and--with one exception--the level of RHDV-specific antibodies in the immunized animals was observed. The results presented in this study are an urgent evidence for the existence of carrier animals as an important factor in the epidemiology of RHD.
兔出血性疾病（RHD）通常是一种致死性兔病，已在各大洲迅速传播。虽然先前的研究表明兔体内病毒持续存在是流行病学中的一个重要因素，但此前尚未在实验感染动物中研究免疫兔的野外病毒感染的相关性。本报告首次描述了用灭活疫苗和亚单位疫苗免疫的兔子在随后用强毒RHDV攻击后，兔出血性疾病病毒（RHDV）基因组至少持续存在15周。通过实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应测定病毒RNA载量。在免疫动物中，未观察到可检测到的RHDV RNA量与疫苗类型、感染后时间以及（有一个例外）RHDV特异性抗体水平之间有明显关联。本研究结果为存在作为RHD流行病学重要因素的携带动物提供了迫切证据。
