Flor H, Birbaumer N
Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2000 Oct;13(5):561-4. doi: 10.1097/00001503-200010000-00013.
Phantom limb pain is still a very frequent consequence of peripheral deafferentation or amputation of a limb. Recent findings from animal and neuroimaging studies suggest that phantom limb pain might be a central phenomenon, related to changes in the cortical, thalamic and spinal representation of the painful limb, and might be a type of somatosensory pain memory. Based on these assumptions, new treatment approaches focus on sensory discrimination training or motor cortex stimulation in an effort to influence cortical reorganization. Prevention of perpetuation of a somatosensory pain memory might also be possible through pharmacological agents such as N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists and gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists, substances that have been shown to influence and prevent cortical reorganization.
幻肢痛仍然是肢体周围去传入或截肢后非常常见的后果。动物和神经影像学研究的最新发现表明，幻肢痛可能是一种中枢现象，与疼痛肢体的皮质、丘脑和脊髓表征变化有关，并且可能是一种体感疼痛记忆。基于这些假设，新的治疗方法集中在感觉辨别训练或运动皮层刺激上，以努力影响皮质重组。通过诸如N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸拮抗剂和γ-氨基丁酸激动剂等药物来预防体感疼痛记忆的持续存在也可能是可行的，这些物质已被证明能影响并预防皮质重组。
