Girod Romain, Orlandi-Pradines Eve, Rogier Christophe, Pages Frederic
Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, BP 46, Parc du Pharo, 13998 Marseille Armées, France.
J Med Entomol. 2006 Sep;43(5):1082-7. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[1082:mtairo]2.0.co;2.
An important vector control program is ongoing to lower the risk of malaria transmission in the French military camp of Port-Bouët, Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). However, some autochthonous malaria cases are regularly suspected. An entomological survey was conducted in June 2004 in the camp to assess malaria transmission and evaluate the pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance of the malaria vectors. The average mosquito biting rate was 178.0 bites per person per night. Mosquitoes belonging to the Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) complex and the Anopheles funestus group were collected. An. gambiae s.s. molecular form M was the only species of the An. gambiae complex present. The average number of An. gambiae bites was approximately 44.3 per person per night. The circumsporozoite index was 0.38% and the entomological inoculation rate estimated to be 1.2 infective bites per week for the study period. The kdr and ace1 gene frequencies in the An. gambiae population were 0.70 and 0.15, respectively. Personnel living in the French barracks of Port-Bouët are thus at high risk of being bitten by parasite-infected mosquitoes. Such an entomological inoculation rate, usually found in African peri-urban environments, was unexpected considering the extensive effort deployed to control mosquitoes in the camp. Insecticide resistance could explain the inefficacy of the vector control program but the spraying strategy is also questionable.
一项重要的病媒控制计划正在进行中，以降低位于阿比让（科特迪瓦）布埃港的法国军营中疟疾传播的风险。然而，仍经常怀疑有一些本地疟疾病例。2004年6月在该营地进行了一次昆虫学调查，以评估疟疾传播情况，并评估疟疾病媒对拟除虫菊酯和有机磷的抗性。平均蚊虫叮咬率为每人每晚178.0次叮咬。收集到了冈比亚按蚊（双翅目：蚊科）复合体和恶疟按蚊组的蚊子。冈比亚按蚊指名亚种分子型M是冈比亚按蚊复合体中唯一存在的物种。冈比亚按蚊的平均叮咬次数约为每人每晚44.3次。环子孢子虫指数为0.38%，在研究期间，昆虫学接种率估计为每周1.2次感染性叮咬。冈比亚按蚊种群中的kdr和ace1基因频率分别为0.70和0.15。因此，居住在布埃港法国军营的人员被感染寄生虫的蚊子叮咬的风险很高。考虑到在营地为控制蚊子付出了巨大努力，这样的昆虫学接种率通常在非洲城市周边环境中才会出现，这是出乎意料的。杀虫剂抗性可能解释了病媒控制计划的无效性，但喷洒策略也值得怀疑。
